Public Services In The Contemporary Society Assignment Sample

Introduction Of Public Services In The Contemporary Society

Public services are one the vital parts of developing the contemporary issues for contemporary societies. The “Ministry of Justices (Mojo)” found that the “certified normal accommodation (CNA)” sets the prisoners of 75960 in different areas of Wales and England. It is also found that the prison population tends to exceed 2751 in different areas of Wales and England. A few areas of Wales and England faced several challenges with the issue of declining prison officers in different regions of Wales and England since 2010. This present assignment will critically discuss the different types of challenges that have created problems for prison services in the last few decades. Also, this entire assignment also focused on the resilience impacts of the entire prison services for the last few decades.

Discussion Analysis

Public services are one of the important parts that require serious development. This particular assignment critically discusses the necessity of the prison office by discussing the evaluation of the punishment process of the bloody code. Also discussed the requirements of cost analysis and support for prison development systems and structures and also discussed the emergency activities of prison systems.

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Evaluation of the development of the entire punishment in the bloody code, separate and transportation system, for contemporary forms for the imprisonments

The bloody code was imposed between the seventeenth century and the nineteenth century. A large number of crimes like stealing sheep, and horses, destroying of turnpike roads, cutting down trees are unnecessary, pickpocketing goods, arson, an unmarried mother for concealing the stillborn child, forgery, murder, etc.

According to the Bloody Code, the penalty of death is imposed for above mentioned offence. Science the punishment process did not work properly, most of the criminals were transported to Van Diemen's Land (Wakelin, 2021). After the transportation, the prisoners were shifted into different awful cells consisting of no bedding, no sanitation, and no heating and every prison was treated equivalently. It is also found that no such segregation was applicable to men and women.

The shifts of prisons of Elizabeth Fry, John Howard, and Joseph Gurney started to improve the prisoner's conditions. The innovation of a separate system kept all prisoners separated for the day. At the initial stage of the nineteenth century, prisons transformed under Home office control and started to develop the entire punishment policies.

Investigation of the development process of public services

The development of entire public services is one of the necessary parts of the entire public service development process. Bloody Code was one of the famous laws in the series forms which deals with the crime range and death penalty process in different regions of Wales, Ireland and England during the late phase of the eighteenth century which continued to the Nineteenth century.

Description of the development of the entire public services

The necessity of the development process of the entire public services gradually increased from 1689 for increasing the total number of capital offences. This bloody code has enlisted a total of 49 pages by dividing into to tall twenty-one categories (Apple man, 2022). This entire category includes protestant establishment, high treason, protestant succession, offence done against the entire territory of the state, public order, flood defense, public revenue, public health, smuggling, murder, etc. This list also added forcible abduction, rape, sexual offences, grand larceny, stabbing, coinage offence, arson, piracy, etc.

Outline of the development of selected organization of public services

This is a period of increase in capital crime activities for which penal transportation became a common punishment. From the eighteenth-century total of 21 categories are enlisted in the entire capital criminal activities. The Death Act was made in 1823 to reduce capital offences by five. The last law was executed in 1964 for the abolishment of the death penalty (Jefferson, 2020). With the increase in capital crimes penal transportation and potential offenders became common punishment as indentured servitude. The law of Transpiration Act 1717 was expanded and continued the subsidized practices in the name of the 1776 criminal act. The productivity challenges, also developed under these public services.

Investigation of Contemporary Practices for Historical and Traditional Practices

The contemporary practices of Bloody Code were mainly used during 1688-1815. This type of Bloody Code was abolished in 1820 century during the period of reform of criminal law during the phase of Robert Peel. The Bloody Code law became cheaper and more entertainment elements and also became difficult for maintaining the keep order.

The “Public health services and policies” help to address the health needs of complex communities and multiple goals (Clayton, 2022). The additional practices of this type of practice help to evaluate effective practices. It is also found that the contemporary historical and traditional practices of the Bloody Code faced a shift in the major types of punishment from transportation or death for imprisonment in prisons. The entire traditional practices of the Bloody Code began with the abolition of Robert Peel. It is also found that serious offence also provides the punishment of death.

Evaluation of the contemporary issues faced in the development process of public services

The main contemporary challenges and issues in the entire development process of public services are due to proper asset management and infrastructure problems, fundamental challenges and shift in priority and goals of the public sectors, etc. It is also found that the working process of Bloody Code did not maintain the work properly. The main contemporary problem of this bloody code was due to unwilling juries for the execution of the punishment levels (VI pond, 2023). Also, the judges considered the stolen goods in an undervaluing manner for which a longer death penalty can be avoided. The total 200 hanging places were also estimated in different places in Wales and England's. The criminals were provided with the punishment of being mutilated or branded. To avoid the death punishment most of the time offered to join Navy departments or army forces.

Assessment of the prison structure and necessity of prison officers for demonstrating resilience features of the profession

The identification of all the prisoners is one of the important parts for the prison officers. In the early 19th century it was discovered that prisoner badges became a major part of identifying those prisoners (Barry, 2020). The entire badge consists of a number of total years for prisoners' activities, a total of months.

The prisoner's officers consist of the huge responsibility of accounting for the structures, operational activities, contemporary challenges, etc. but now the entire responsibility added with some new amendments.

Examination of responsibility and accountability of structure

In recent days, it is found by section 345 of “The Ministry of Justices (Mojo)” that the total prison activities in different areas of Wales and England increased by 75960. The prisoner staff, accommodate in unsafe conditions (Smith, et al. 2019). The Mojo project found that the prison population in Wales and England can surpass 100000 within 2027. The number of prison officers in different areas of Wales and England almost declined in 2010 to austerity levels. For this reason, prison officers are needed.

Description of the operational structure of a public service organization

The operational structures of the entire public services can be divided into partnership, proprietorship, corporation, liability corporations, etc. The main specific duties and responsibilities of public services are designed some specific responsibilities to control the entire system (Ismail, 2021). Welsh Ministers received the relevant authorities and powers as per the Equality Act in 2010. The equality objectives, equality duties from public authorities, and equality scheme, all are under this regulation Act.

Assessment of public sector structure with reference to given responsibilities

As per the Equality Act of 2010, the structures of the public sector are divided into different responsibilities. It is also found that the Equality Act in 2010 was replaced by the Act of Disability Discrimination in 1995, the Act of Sex Discrimination in 1975, section 1(B), and Relations Act in 1976. A set of responsibilities were added in the given regulation Act. This replacement included the additional responsibilities of unlawful discrimination including harassment, discrimination, and victimization (Unger, 2019). This also provides the responsibility of providing equal opportunities, fostering good relationships, etc. The three main responsibilities of the process of decision-making, designing approaches to internal policies, and delivery of entire services are the main responsibilities under this Act's regulations.

Evaluation of contemporary issues for developing the services

There also exist some issues which fail the public service responsibilities. The “Public sector equality duty (PSED)” is often faced to take quashing decisions. The corruption of legislation systems, government issues, racial discrimination, and public administrators all are the main challenges to developing contemporary public services in the entire UK. [Referred to Appendix: 2].

Examination of Accountability for ensuring resilience in prison service

The accountability of the prison services helps to evaluate prison activities. The accountability measurements help to detect the performance measurements in different types of prison sectors. The theoretical services, potential strategic behaviors, and clarity all can be detected through the resilience features of the prison services (COX, 2021). Residences is one of the important parts for UK prisoners that help to develop the success rate after adversity challenges. According to section 127 (A) “Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA)” added different types of policy statements to develop the operational resilience features in prison services to develop the prison activities during jail. The starting of the “Greener Prisoner project” is also linked with gardening activities and the horticulture programmer, educational activities for developing the resilience features of the entire prison services in the entire UK. Spending time in green spaces helps to develop the mental growth of the prison and also provides physical well bitingness. Matt Hancock found the NHS movement for developing the resilience features of prison services. It also found that in outdoor sports activities, gardening is one of the important parts. Almost 79600 prisons faced huge physical problems and mental health challenges in the jail. Therefore, this type of engagement might help to develop the overall prison environment. Therefore the development of the prison designing process improved the mental cages, quarries, basements activities, etc.

Analysis of sources and funding against the cost for the prisoner system and analysis of the impact of austerity on prison services process of resilience from 2019

The UK government spends almost 700 billion on the large public service markets and contributes up to 40% of the GDP. The government almost spent 191.1 billion amount in 2023 for developing the prisoner system in the entire UK. It is also found that the recent public services in the entire UK also declined for which the government also brakes the different types of initiatives (Anorak, 2020). The scope, and quality all are declined in the public services for which the funding of the prisoner system faced quite challenges in recent activities.

It is found that the prison population in different regions of Wales, Scotland, England, UK increased to 89520 in 2022. The Prison Bill was passed in 2023 for overviewing the entire provisions. The UK government almost spent 5.42 billion following the prison system passed in 2021/22. The UK government provides less awareness and spent a little bit amount during 2011-2020. The austerity policies create pressure on pursuing a sufficient amount of cost for the development of prison systems.

Analysis of main funding sources and allocation systems for public sectors

The public sectors are one of the important parts that contributes a major role in determining the national income in the UK. The main funding resources of the public sector mainly come from the funding of government departments, taxation, charges from commercial services, rent, etc. (Anorak, 2022). Total of 5.42 billion amount invested in the development of the prison system in the entire UK. Especially during 2010, the contribution of the UK government to the Prison system was less. Almost 21.93 prison officers joined the public services in different regions of Wales, England.

Explanation of different types of sources and funds for public sectors

The main funding of public services comes from the various sectors. The monetary flow from different sources, UK government's properties, helps to allocate public services. The monetary flow from the government departments recipes from different types of departments, budgetary allocations, etc. (Dennard, et al. 2021). The subdivision of entire public services of government or public services aid from the amendments. The UK public services also follow the dual types of funding structures from 2010.

The above figure critically describes the amount of the cost spent for the prison system and the active role of the UK government in developing public sector activities.

Assessment of the impact of funding associated with different sources and its entire allocations

The active participation of the UK government helps to develop prison activities and public service activities. The investment of 4.4 billion in 2020 helps to improve the creativity and the court capacity in the prison places by which the victims can be supported. The investment of 4 billion helps to develop the total 1800 entire prison places. It is also found that an investment of a total of 337 million also helps to reduce the backlogs which are found in criminal courts by which the victims can get support. Since cost spending is one of the major parts of the development of the prison system, the tribunals and family courts also improved with investments of 76 million.

Analysis of the allocation of entire funding among public sectors

The entire funding comes from a variety of resources that might help to improve the development process of the public sector. The allocation of government funding for the prisoner's activities helps to support the entire crime agenda by providing effective justice policies. This entire allocation is also used to develop modernizing buildings, technological developments, additional policy developments etc.

Review of future prisoners' strategies for resilient prisoner services and historical practices of contemporary versions of it

The entire current Ministry approaches take the management of the prison population for the future. The UK government also provides financial sustainability's for the development of resilient features of the prison systems. The entire justice department, David Gaulke provides a new visionary point for reforming the resilient services by using contemporary visions and historical practices (David Vs. the state, 2019).

Review of structure, strategies for development of public organizations

The entire reform of the prison system helps to develop the strategic approaches of the entire development of public organizations. With the addition of more punitive types of sanctions, effective strategies can develop public organizations. The shifts of ineffective prison activities might shift from probation to custodial sentences for the time period of 6 months. Prison Minister Rory Stewart provides a managing solution approaches for the prison in 2018 where the suggestion of managing the entire prison population is provided by which the structures can be modified. Providing a future prison place is one of the significant challenges that can help to manage the structures of the prison systems and public organizations. It is also added to the treasury of prison activities every twenty years.

Identification of examples for discussing emergency incidents for international and UK

The “Ministry of the UK government” provides guidance for managing emergency incidents for prison activities at both the UK and the international levels. The tied grip by controlling the entire departmental finances also helps to improve the emergency prison system in the entire UK and internationally purpose (Das, 2021). The non-custodial activities, confidence building, exploration of options, tackling reoffending all might help to develop future emergency situations. “The Prison Reform Trust (PRT)” also provides policy announcements for developing the structures of the prison system (Joe Vs. Harry, 2006).

It is also found that emergency incidents for public services or the prison system almost increased by 52% from 2011. The prison chief inspector in England and Wales found that the drug had one of the dangerous draining effects by which the prison activities increased. Emergency incidents for non-violent activities or “called out” activities also develop among the youth prison detention.

The emergency incident in the prisons during the last two years develops. The fighting among the prisons also creates an emergency situation in the UK prison system. A sudden medical emergency is another type of emergency situation that also arises for maintaining prison activities. Almost 70-80% of prisoners faced heart attack problems from smoking. This entire callout increased 104% of the entire ambulance service. A certain number of non-violent incidents develop that require serious protection from both international and UK public services. The prison staff plays another effective service to protect the callout and emergency services. The problem of prisoner service can be developed by taking appropriate emergency services.

Assessment of impact for proposing changes in “public sector organization”

The impositions of the reform Act of the prison system help to develop the present structures of the public sector (Garry, 2022). The development of different types of policies like (APPGPA) helps to develop the structural impacts of the public sectors and prison systems. The bipartisan effort during 2015 also helps to reform the entire impact of the prison system and the public sector.

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Conclusion

Public services for contemporary societies play one a vital and crucial role in developing the reform of entire structure, policies and regulations. The given assignment critically discussed the net impact of the resilience effect on the prison service by considering the punishment methodologies based on the Bloody Code, and the present scenario of the importance of prison officers. This given assignment also discusses how the increasing population of the prison system increased the requirements of prison officers. Finally, the entire assignment also discusses the impact of resilience reforms on prison systems, by addressing recent strategic approaches, and policies. It also develops the cost resources for improving structural developments of prison systems.

Reference list

Books

• Anorak, N.R., (2020).Prison in Iran: A Known Unknown. Springer Nature. Article
• [Accessed from https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-57169-6 Accessed on 19.05.23]

Journals

• Apple man, L.I., 2022. Bloody Lucre: Carrera Labor and Prison Profit.Wis. L. Rev., p.619.
• Bailey, V. ed., 2022.Nineteenth-century Crime and Punishment. Taylor & Francis.
• Barry, C., 2020. ‘You can't tell anyone how you really feel': Exploring emotion management and performance among prison staff who have experienced the death of a prisoner.International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice,61, p.100364.
• Behan, C. and Stark, A., 2023. The Prison Emerges. InPrisons and Imprisonment: An Introduction(pp. 13-30). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
• Clayton, M. and Shoemaker, R., 2022. Blood money and the bloody code: the impact of financial rewards on criminal justice in eighteenth-century England.Continuity and Change,37(1), pp.97-125.
• COX, D.J., 2021. ‘Fitted both Morally and Physically to Fulfil his Proper Duties in the Battle of Life'?–The Effectiveness or Otherwise of Penal Servitude and Imprisonment 1853–2021.The Howard Journal of Crime and Justice,60(S1), pp.47-55.
• Das, C., 2021. “The Passage into another State”: The Representation of the Colonial Space in Moll Flanders and Colonel Jack.
• Dennard, S., Tracy, D.K., Beanery, A., Caster, L., Bailey, F., Biuret, A., Barton, M., Terrell, J., Poynton, S., Makarov, V. and Kothari, R., 2021. Working in a prison: Challenges, rewards, and the impact on mental health and well-being.The Journal of Forensic Practice,23(2), pp.132-149.
• Garry, J., 2022. ‘That doesn't leave you': Psychological dirt and taint in prison Officers' occupational cultures and identities.The British Journal of Criminology,62(4), pp.982-999.
• Ismail, N., 2021.Austerity as a Political Paradox: A Study of Its Impact on Prison Health Governance and the Delivery of Prison Healthcare Services in England(Doctoral dissertation, University of the West of England).
• Jefferson, B., 2020.Digitize and punish: Racial criminalization in the digital age. U of Minnesota Press.
• Kirk, G., Fernandez, A. and Friedman, B., 2020. Who pays for the welfare state? Austerity politics and the origin of pay-to-stay fees as revenue generation.Sociological Perspectives,63(6), pp.921-938.
• Murphy, T., 2021. Penal Transportation from Britain to Australia, 1788 to 1868: four phases of penal administration and experimentation.Journal on European History of Law,12(2), pp.70-78.
• Smith, H.P., Power, J., Usher, A.M., Siren, A.H. and Slade, K., 2019. Working with prisoners who self?harm: A qualitative study on stress, denial of weakness, and encouraging resilience in a sample of correctional staff.Criminal behavior and mental health,29(1), pp.7-17.
• Unger, H., 2019. Community-based participatory health research: principles and practice.European Journal of Public Health,29(Supplement_4), pp.ckz185-762
• VI pond, R., 2023. The birth of the prison. InA Guide to Prisons and Penal Policy(pp. 7-18). Policy Press.
• Wakelin, L., 2021. Transportation to the American Colonies, Execution Rates and the ‘Bloody Code', 1675–1775.Family & Community History,24(3), pp.195-219.

Article

• Causer, T., Finn, M. and Schofield, P. eds., (2022).Jeremy Bentham and Australia: Convicts, utility and empire. UCL Press. Accessed from https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=xdFjEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Causer,+T.,+Finn,+M.+and+Schofield,+P.+eds.,+2022.+Jeremy+Bentham+and+Australia:+Convicts,+utility+and+empire.+UCL+Press.+&ots=FEfjTUn57A&sig=68rT2FiHn7F1FMmloqo3WYSIDQ8 [Accessed on 19.05.2023]

Website

• Journals.uchicago.edu/, (2019) [Accessed from https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/449298 [Accessed on 19.05.2023]