Trailer Design Assignment Sample

Trailer Design Assignment 

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1.0 Introduction:

Material handling is used to move various products and materials which can be manually transported in one time. In a smaller area where the products with heavy weights need to be transferred. But the manual process is much longer and transferring heavy products is physically impossible. So some devices are used to handle materials and products for transferring the products. These devices are used for moving various products or materials, storage purposes, product distribution, and disposal. In short, they are used to handle large amounts of product easily, also making the work more efficient and causing much less time. The amount of workers for these jobs is also less. This also makes most of the warehouse process faster and effective. Various devices are used for material handling including manual, semi-automated devices but for this project a manual material handling device is required that can be used for better performance by the worker. The main advantages of the device are that it is easy to use efficiently and effectively for faster service and workload gets reduced, reducing the chances of physical injuries.

2.0 Background:

A nongovernmental NGO requires a trailer to deliver goods to the people in need. The trailer is expected to be pulled manually and it also needs to be easy to fit in transportation vehicles. The problem is the NGO does not have enough volunteers to serve people in need with the current materials they are using. Also the device needs to be fitted into the volunteers' vehicle. In case of helping others the Volunteers need to take products in a smaller vehicle like bikes or motorcycles. Due to ample amounts of products needing to be delivered the delivery process becomes much longer.

The client, a nongovernmental NGO, needs a device for faster distribution of their products. With faster delivery food products are expected to stay warm until the last person gets access to it. The NGO requires a device that can support a uniform distribution of weight of 200 kilograms. This trailer is a manual trailer but with uniform weight distribution this needs to be easy for handling and since NGO is using it this needs to be sustainable and can be used in harsh situations like flood, drought and smaller alleys or under construction roads.

3.0 Concept:

This project is about designing a trailer that can handle materials and products of a NGO that provides goods to the people in need. The basic work of a trailer is to handle materials, move the materials from one place to another place, storing and control of materials and products; in short trailer is used to manage materials and products. This is mainly used in warehouses for faster work with more efficiency and output. This device is expected to reduce the manual work of a worker and create an easy to handle device or equipment to increase the work speed and productivity of the NGO. Proper material handling will improve NGO functions rapidly. With a faster delivery system, improvement in service for the people and reduced inventory storage resulting in overall reduction in cost of warehousing (Galos, 2017). For this NGO one small versatile trailer design is explained for delivering goods. In the material handling procedure this type of device is mainly used to reduce the work of the workers and to accelerate the production of the unit. The manual driven versatile trailer is many made of steel and the solid section is made of wood. This is a one kind of manually driven trailer which can be used for the general purpose of dispatch any raw material from one place to other and to store the excessive materials. The designing of this small trailer is based on the principles of the ergonomic considerations (Edwin, 2021). As it is known to all that the machine is created to reduce the work pressure of the workers so for that before creating any device for the workers one have to make sure that the device adopts itself as per the workers satisfaction, the worker need not to change himself or herself according to the device’s function. The Ergonomic also considers in the designing purpose because of determining the Optimum Size, form & the shape of the product.

4.0 Design:

A small versatile trailer consists of the parts like square tubular steel or wood, Fish plates, Connecting bolts and wheel. First of all as the structure is made on the basis of the Solid Works so before imply it in the physical way one have to make sure that the use of the material should be minimized ,the total number of parts should be minimized, the part variations should also be minimized at the time of the implementation. The designer should have to use double fishplateing in their products to produce stability. The Aston standard fishplates may be used in some of the cases which are augmented by custom parts if needed. The Bolt holes in the truss members and fishplates should be a “medium fit” for the 8mm bolt with the appropriate size and geometry tolerances applied. As it is mainly used for dispatching the raw materials, it should have a minimum level of capacity to carry out the loads that they provide (Wathne & Meinhardt et al2018). The rigidity of the material also should be very high as the device is designed mainly on the basis of the Stress and Strain. The stress can be defined as the force applied per unit area basis and the strain can be defined as the ratio of the change in length to the actual length. The designer should also focus on the distribution of the loads in the proper way so that the device can run smoothly without leaving any bad effect on the production system.. As this is a manually pulled trailer the working efficiency of the unit will be much better than the previous time. In the below Figure No. 2 the final designing Structure of a small trailer is added which is made on the Solid works. In this designing report as the Ergonomic considerations is used to identify the characteristic of the product like strength of the product, body shape and size, which material is used to form the product etc.As this trailer is a manually pulled product so here the designer should have to use physical ergonomic like the manual handling of the product.

5.0 Analysis & Calculation:

As our job is to come up with a suitable trailer chassis design which can be able to support up to 200 kg of load uniformly to disperse the raw materials from one unit to another. The design is made on the basis of the values that are provided. As all the details mentioned previously the trailer is 1.5 m wide, 2 m long. The bed should sit 1m above the wheel centre line and the length of the bar will extend forward from the bed which must be appropriate as per the design. The main chassis should be constructed using truss principles .It is anticipated two side frames will be linked by ties and cross braces. The design is totally based on as per the requirements given by the Organizations. The total truss analysis of a loaded trailer is mentioned in the below diagram. A truss analysis of a loaded trailer consists of the assembly of the straight and the curved bars which in general form a complete structure (Katupitiya & Whitty  et al 2019).. In the truss analysis of a loaded trailer the different parts of the full structure is analyzed like on which parts the stress and strain will be much higher, where we have to use bolts and the fishplates to give a rigid strength to the structure etc. In case of the trusses the system generates forces on the bar of the structure (Bostelman, 2019). The each of the internal force may be neutral, compression or traction force. So in the designing segment one have to majorly focus on these details carefully. Mathematically,

(?1) min ≤ (y1) ≤ y1max

Where,

?1= thickness of the walls of the structure

?= (?1) € ED

?=? (?) ∩ ED

? (?) = (m(y))

Where:

m(y) = minimum weight.

ρ = air density [kg m-3],

A = frontal area of the vehicle [m-2],

v =relative fluid velocity [m s-1].

In case of assess the structure of the trailer on the basis of the adopted criterion, the restrictions

Which fulfillment was considered necessary was introduced:

wmax( x,y,z) ≤ wdop

σ smax ≤ Kr

Where:

wmax(x,y,z) – maximum displacement

σSmax – maximum normal stress

6.0 Technical Drawings and Explanation:

In the case of Technical Drawings the Solid Works software is used. As it is known to all that the design is based on for a small versatile trailer which is basically of manual driven

The layout of the project is based on how a manual driven trailer can be designed on the Designing Software based platform. This design is very efficient for manual use. The design includes two wheels of 20 inch and one axle of 30 mm. The container can be made from wood or steel. Thickness of the container is 3 mm. The designer of the project also has to use Fish plates. These may only be cut and drilled from 3mm plate steel the Connecting bolts also must be included in this project. The technical drawing of the project is based on the two planes for the structural part and for the wheel part only one plane is used. The designer has to consider a rectangle on the plane to make the body look rigid and perfect (Shanbhag, 2019). First of all the axle structure of the small trailer has to be made then the structure of the middle aligning parts should be made which will be required to carry the loads, last but not the least the handle part of the body should be joined in the proper position. After adding the parts on the Plane No. 1 the designer have to extrude the joins of that plane by mentioning the centre line of the edge then one have to select the extruded part which will be joined with the other part which should be drawn on the different plane named as the Plane No. 2. After drawing the same things as on the Plane No. 1 the both parts of the structure should be joined on the basis of the Calculation. After following the above mentioned procedures the structure of the Small Versatile Trailer is finally made.

From the given values mentioned above the design of the wheel is made. For the design of the wheel one have to select a Circle with the proper dimension as it was given, then one have to put the value of the inner and the outer surface of the radial diameter of the wheel as per the calculation. After selecting the two radial diameters of two different sizes one have to extrude the inner surface area to develop the actual look of a wheel.

To make this software aided design eye soothing the tools like Line, Circle and Rectangle is used majorly as the total work on the solid works is based on the planes so before creating a design one have to make sure that the planes that ones are selecting are proper after that one have to find the reference line and the Inference line on the basis of the sketch Relations. To fit the wheel with the main structure of trailer one has to intrude two holes on the axle bar to connect the wheels in the proper format (Pietrusiak & Rusi?ski et al, 2018). As the main structure of the versatile trailer is just a part of the body so in case of assemble the product one have to make sure that the wheel is proper fitted with the structure and the wheel is rotating fine. After doing all the assembles of the product the below mentioned details are found out on the perspective of different site angle basis how the whole product will look from Top, front and Side view perspective.

7.0 Discussion:

The device is expected to help NGO workers to deliver more goods and produce less time. Also in case of shortage of volunteers to work, it will not be delayed. The trailer will be much more efficient for transferring the products to some neighborhood with less amount of time. This design is a basic manual design that can be improved in many ways. This is a design of a 2 wheel trailer that is manually moveable and can support a maximum weight of 200 kilograms. Advancements can be done on it and it can be automated or semi-automated. This can also be combined with robotics and can be fully automated also this can be combined with drones for delivering products and goods in unreachable places (Riemer, 2020).. The future scope of this design is very interesting. Even this design can be used for many more cases than delivering goods. This can be used to collect recyclable products. Also this can be used to clean various places and a lot of NGO work can be done with this material. This can also be used in factories and warehouses also this can be used for stocking various products. Being a small trailer this does not require much space and can contain a lot of products easily.

8.0 Conclusion:

As required by the NGO, a small versatile trailer design is provided. This device is expected to carry load up to 200 kilograms. This will reduce the labor work for the volunteers. The demand was a versatile trailer that can fit into small vehicles and it can be manually easily commuted and it can be used for delivering goods to different houses. Although the main requirement is to deliver goods, it can be used for other social works. Like collecting plastic bags and recycling plastic products, this can also be used for planting and carrying medications. The design is very effective for multipurpose uses. And it does not take much space to store. This can be also used for temporary storage of products.

10.0 Layout & Professionalism:

Material handling is used in almost every industry. From functioning in warehouses to the shipping process to factories. The use of material handling has reduced the workload and is much more cost-efficient. The process of globalization of all the companies is highly dependent on material handling. From shorting goods in a warehouse to loading a shipping truck everything is dependent on material handling. Although the designed device is used for delivering products and goods for the people who require them by a NGO, this device design is versatile and can be used in various industries. The covid pandemic has influenced the demand of the population and most of the products need to be delivered at home. With the designed device, providing the products in an area will be much easier and faster. It can also influence online delivery procedures.

 References:

Journals

Harari, Y., Bechar, A., & Riemer, R. (2020). Workers’ biomechanical loads and kinematics during multiple-task manual material handling. Applied ergonomics, 83, 102985. Retrieved from “https://in.bgu.ac.il/engn/iem/BRL/Documents/Publications/Workers%27%20biomechanical%20loads%20and%20kinematics%20during%20multiple-task%20manual%20material%20handling.pdf” []Retrieved on 29.07.2021]

Moczko, P., Pietrusiak, D., & Rusi?ski, E. (2018). Material handling and mining equipment: International standards recommendations for design and testing. FME Transactions, 46(3), 291-298.Retrieved from “http://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/1451-2092/2018/1451-20921803291M.pdf” []Retrieved on 29.07.2021]

Harari, Y., Riemer, R., & Bechar, A. (2019). Differences in spinal moments, kinematics and pace during single-task and combined manual material handling jobs. Applied ergonomics, 81, 102871.Retrieved from “https://in.bgu.ac.il/engn/iem/BRL/Documents/Publications/Differences%20in%20spinal%20moments,%20kinematics%20and%20pace.pdf” []Retrieved on 29.07.2021]

Gour, A., & Patel, A. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RECENT TECHNOLOGY SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT.Retrieved from “http://ijrtsm.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Dec-20-Amit-Gour-48-52.pdf” []Retrieved on 29.07.2021]

Rao, A., Vantagodi, N. V., Shanbhag, K. A., & Mahesh, M. (2019). Automated Guided Vehicles by Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor: Future of In-house Logistics. Power Electronics and Drives, 4. Retrieved from “file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/PED_4_2019_Anand.pdf” [Retrieved on 29.07.2021]

Yoon, S., & Bostelman, R. (2019, June). Analysis of Automatic through Autonomous-Unmanned Ground Vehicles (A-UGVs) Towards Performance Standards. In 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments (ROSE) (pp. 1-7). IEEE.Retrieved from “https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=927496” [Retrieved on 29.07.2021]

Hirayama, M., Guivant, J., Katupitiya, J., & Whitty, M. (2019). Path planning for autonomous bulldozers. Mechatronics, 58, 20-38.Retrieved from “http://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:55635/binb35c3a18-76ba-4897-931d-3797073a3e01?view=true” [Retrieved on 29.07.2021]

Thompson, K., Wathne, C., & Meinhardt, R. (2018). Team Joseph's Bike Trailer.Retrieved from “https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://scholar.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1461&context=mesp” [Retrieved on 29.07.2021]

Edwin, C., & Daud, W. M. N. S. (2021). Improving Production System Performance Using Overall Equipment Effectiveness. International Journal of Industrial Management, 9, 74-90.Retrieved from “file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/1107.pdf” [Retrieved on 29.07.2021]

Galos, J. L. (2017). Lightweight composite trailer design (Doctoral dissertation, University of Cambridge), Retrieved from https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707799 [ Retrieved on 29-07-2021]