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Author/Date/Journal
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Title of study
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Study Type
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Main Findings
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Strengths
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Limitations
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Implications for Public Health Policy and Practice
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(Grimani et al., 2019)
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The effectiveness of workplace nutrition and physical activity interventions in improving productivity, work performance and workability: a systematic review
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A systematic review has been carried out for this study. More specifically randomised controlled trials and non-randomised controlled trial studies have been conducted and literature has been searched from online databases like EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. The parameters of the search included Productivity, absenteeism, and presenteeism—work performance, workability and sedentary behaviour and changes in health-related behaviours.
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Thirty-nine randomised control trials and non-randomised controlled studies were included. As per this study, p[physical activities can reduce absenteeism, and have a long-term impact on the nutritional behaviours of the healthcare staff.
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One of the strengths of this study is the use of a comprehensive serac strategy which provides an evidence-based approach to the literature search. Additionally, this study highlighted the workplace health promotion intervention and the importance of physical activities to reduce absenteeism, and increase productivity.
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This study is based on a secondary search; therefore, it provides qualitative information on how physical activity can be promoted among healthcare staff through an intervention program.
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To conduct high-quality and long-term promotional programs to impact on productivity, performance and workability of the hospital staff.
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(Saridi et al., 2019)
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Correlating physical activity and quality of life of healthcare workers
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Cross-sectional study
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This study showed that hospital staff want to balance their life through physical activity with all the resulting benefits. The Randstad Workmonitor survey showed that in the first trimester of 2014, the employees used to be more productive through exercise. This study also states that physical activity and fitness program, for hospital staff can boost their productivity. However, lack of time and negligence can restrict them from engaging in physical activity.
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This study used validated instruments like (SF-36 and IPAQ) for the data collection.
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Cross-sectional design limited the casual inferencing. The, method of data collection is open and self-reported which can cause biases in the result.
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The correlation between physical activity and QoL of hospital staff can promote the health promotion campaign engagement in PA.
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(Casimiro-Andújar et al., 2023)
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Promoting Physical Activity and Health in the Workplace: A Qualitative Study among University Workers, Spain
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Qualitative methods and conventional content analysis approaches have been used for this proposed research.
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The study identified the key factors influencing workplace physical activity, including organisational support, flexibility, and motivational strategies. Participants reported the benefits of health and well-being intervention in workplace setup along with barriers such as lack of time, and workload were also noted.
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In-depth insights into employee perception, rich qualitative data, and focus on both facilitators and barriers to physical activity in university settings.
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Limited to university workers in Spain, potentially restricting generalised to other workplace settings and countries.
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The study emphasises the need for organisational-level interventions that account for workload and time constraints.
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(Ramautar et al., 2021)
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Knowledge, attitudes and practices of hospital-based staff regarding physical activity at a private hospital in Johannesburg
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Cross-sectional study has been carried out. This cross-sectional study conducted at a private hospital in Johannesburg evaluated staff knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) concerning physical exercise with self-administered questionnaires. Data were examined with SAS software, with KAP scores compared across demographic variables. ANOVA and t-tests revealed significant results, with a p-value of less than 0.05 being significant.
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This study found that hospital staff have good knowledge and positive attitudes towards physical activity, but their practice was satisfactory with suboptimal intensity and duration. Medical staff had the highest level of physical activity, while the nurse scored the lowest. This research also showed that higher education levels are associated with better physical activity, knowledge, and practices. In this study, the major barriers like lack of facilities, and limited time have been mentioned as restrictions to promotion health promotion for hospital staff.
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This study displays satisfactory physical activity practice. This study also highlighted the importance of strategic approaches for implementing employee wellness programmes.
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The survey is based on self-reporting by participants and therefore subject to social desirability the study was conducted in one private healthcare institution, and the result therefore not to be generalised to the hospital-based staff working in other private hospitals.
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The knowledge, and practice framework can be used to implement hospital-based physical activity intervention.
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(van Heijster et al., 2021)
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The effectiveness of workplace health promotion programs on self-perceived health of employees with a low socioeconomic position: An individual participant data meta-analysis
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Qualitative research has been followed, where PRISMA-IPD guidelines have been followed for a systematic review of the literature. In this research, a systematic approach has been used to identify the relevant studies aimed at workplace health promotion of health behaviour and prevention of obesity. Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar have been used as relevant sources for research. This study also followed a meta-analysis to identify the effectiveness of workplace health promotion programs on the self-perceived health of employees with low socio-economic positions.
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The research indicated that workplace health promotion initiatives did not enhance self-assessed health among employees with low socioeconomic status (SEP). The elevated baseline self-assessed health levels and excluding the least healthy employees likely affected the outcomes. Subsequent research ought to examine working circumstances and utilize participatory methods to improve program relevance.
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The strength of the meta-analysis is that this study allowed us to compare different health promotion programs in a homogenous occupational health context.
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The study is based on self-perceived health and consisted of employees with low SEP. This study is specifically concentrated on a specific population which limited the outcome.
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This study can be used to evaluate different health promotion strategies to implement physical activities at the workplace for the staff.
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Fischetti, F., Pepe, I., Greco, G., Ranieri, M., Poli, L., Cataldi, S., & Vimercati, L. (2024
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Ten-Minute Physical Activity Breaks Improve Attention and Executive Functions in Healthcare Workers
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A randomised controlled crossover study (within-subjects repeated-measures design) was followed in this research. Cognitive assessments were performed by the research psychologist. The target sample for this research was the healthcare workers from the University Hospital of Bari (Italy).
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According to this study, 10-minute outdoor physical activity breaks (OPAB) and exergames can improve the cognitive function of healthcare workers, particularly their attention and executive functions. Outdoor activity and intervention of physical activities in healthcare can help activate the brain regions, and contribute to cognitive improvement.
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The strength of this study includes ts innovative focus on outdoor physical activity breaks and exercises for the healthcare workers.
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The limitations of this study include small sample sizes, focus on short-term effects and absence of gender differences which can affect cognitive and mood outcomes.
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The future implication of this study includes promoting personalised PAB intervention tailored to healthcare settings, from primary to tertiary care, for improving cognitive function and overall well-being of healthcare workers.
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(Gerodimos et al., 2022)
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Workplace exercise program in a hospital environment: an effective strategy for the promotion of employees physical and mental health. A randomized controlled study
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A randomised controlled study was used for this study. 50 health professionals who are working in a hospital environment.
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Exercise can significantly increase lean body mass and respiratory function along with functional capacity, and overall productivity among the hospital staff.
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Strong randomised design with clear outcome measures
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Short duration has limited the long-term impact assessment of the physical activity intervention for hospital staff
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This study can provide a structured framework for implementing physical activity interventions for the hospital staff.
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Owoeye et al. (2020)
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The Importance of Regular Physical Activity for Healthcare Workers
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Systematic review of articles
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Regular physical activities can prevent chronic diseases among healthcare workers.
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Address the benefits of physical activities for the physical and mental health of healthcare workers.
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Lack of empirical and quantitative data to address the healthcare intervention program in hospital setup
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The suggested policies sin this article can be used to promote physical activities at hospitals and by healthcare workers.
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(Oskar Halling Ullberg et al., 2023)
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Workplace health promotion to facilitate physical activity among office workers in Sweden
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The cross-sectional study has been followed in this research. The project has been done in collaboration with eight companies in the office market including companies that own and develop office buildings. The present study employed a qualitative approach to explore how the companies describe and finance workplace health promotion for workers. The data for this study was collected from semi-structured interviews through digital video meetings.
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This study found that workplace health promotion is an important initiative to increase physical activities among office workers, particularly those who are less active.
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Comprehensive data collection and focus on a specific population are the main strengths of this study.
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Limited and generalised focus, lack of focus on health care workers. Self-reported data- these can be considered as the major limitations of this research.
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The future implication of this research is to enhance the healthcare and physical activity program at the workplace setup and among workers. Public health policy should be supported by integrated health promotion interventions focusing on participation from employees across various sectors.
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(Jun et al., 2019)
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Physical Activity of Workers in a Hospital
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The study was performed at one university hospital from 1st May to 31 August 2017. Actigraph wCT3x-BT has been used to monitor the PA. For this study, an independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were used for normal distribution. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for non-normal distribution (subgroup based on occupation and BMI). The research method is quantitative.
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This study provides the physical activity status of healthcare staff by using an accelerometer and highlights how various factors like sex, occupation, marital status, and BMI can affect the different parameters of physical activities. This study showed that most hospital staff used to meet the physical activity guideline of WHO, whereas physicians were less active than nurses and support staff in the hospital. The result also suggested that single counselling and encouragement to the hospital staff can change their physical activity status.
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The strength of this study is it uses quantitative data and a large sample size to highlight that most of the hospital staff fulfilled the recommended level and amount of PA despite a lack of vigorous-intensity of PA.
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This study focuses on a single hospital and for a short period
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This study highlights the need for tailored PA for the hospital staff.
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