BTM6DMA Business and Tourism Management Assignment Sample

Introduction Of BTM6DMA Business and Tourism Management Assignment

Destination management organizations are significant within the tourism and makes sure about the success of tourism management. The major aim of essay is to analyse how the effective sustainable practices might be integrated by the DMOs. This can resolve the environmental, social and economic challenges industry. The practices of the sustainable tourism aim to decrease the negative influences of the tourism on the environment and local communities. The essay will analyse the utilisation of the strategy to boost the sustainability within the tourism (Perez, 2022). This mainly emphasise on the managing the economic advantages along with the requirement to secure the natural resources and cultural heritage. The goals involve how the practices of sustainable tourism might affect the (DMOs) destination management organizations.

The destination management organizations play a major role within promotion and development of the tourism on regional and international levels. These are mainly responsible for the effective strategies to boost visitor experience, attract the tourists and makes sure about the sustainable destination’s development. These mainly work with the different stakeholders. It includes communities, businesses and governments, to manage the growth of tourism within natural resources and cultural (Boniface et al, 2021). Within rapidly developing competition in the growing international tourism landscape, the efficient management play a major role. The boost sustainable tourism, joined with increasing demand of travel for effective and responsible tourism practices. This has encouraged the DMOs to focus on sustainable practices. The effective efforts play critical role in makes sure about the competitiveness and resilience of the tourism destinations. The essay will shed light on the value of tourism and increasing needs for the efficient destination management. Furthermore, it will discuss how the tourism area life cycle model might be implemented to by the DMOs.

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The Value of Tourism and the Growing Need for Effective Destination Management

The tourism is a major asset to the societies, economies and cultures on the both regional and global level. This mainly contributes considerably to the development of countries economy via developing revenue, boosting investment and offering employment. Beyond the impact of economy, the tourism plays a major role within cultural exchange, social integration and effective global understanding. Through attracting the tourists to various regions, the tourism might offer support in securing cultural heritage, promote the pride and boost infrastructure .On the other hand, developing tourism volume comes with the different challenges, this is involving the over tourism, environmental degradation. It placed the developing high pressure on the DMOs to boost the effective and sustainable strategies for effectively maintaining the growth of tourism.

Globally, the tourism has been a rapidly increasing sector; this is contributing in the employment, GDP and preservation of culture. Regionally, this might arouse the economic activities within the areas; these areas can lack the different opportunities. For instance, the rural and remote regions, includes the Scotland’s highlands, might use the tourism as the effective tool for the effective economic regeneration. The value of tourism extends the economic metrics; this increased the social and cultural interactions which improve the local and visitors communities.

Economic contributions: The tourism is the key contributor within the global economy and in accordance with the UNWTO Barometer. This plays a main role within increasing the local economies, developing jobs and supporting the GDP. The report of the (WTTC) world Travel & Tourism reports within the year 2023, sector of tourism accounted for more than 15% of the GDP on the globally and offered support to the jobs of 330 million (Economic Impact Research, 2023). Regionally, the effective tourism might works as the major income source, mainly for increasing small countries and island economies. For example, economy of Bali is majorly dependent on the tourism because the millions of tourists are contributing within the employment, GDP and the local businesses. Within the UK, the tourism plays a major role within the development of regional economic. Based on the Visit Britain, the tourism majorly contributed more than 106 billion within the economy of UK in the year 2019 (The value of tourism in UK, 2023). This is showcasing the GDP 4.3% and offering jobs to the 3.3 million workers. On the regional bases, the destinations such as London fascinates the international tourism, the domestic tourism also offer support to the areas of economies such as Scotland and Cornwall. On the contrary hand, number of tourism is developing; this creates pressure on the infrastructure and local resources. 

Social and cultural importance: The tourism majorly works as the powerful cultural and social force; this is developing social integration and cultural exchange. The DMOs play a major role within the easing the interactions via selecting the experiences. This connects the heritage, customs and local traditions with the tourism. By marketing campaigns, festivals and events, the DMOs function to showcase the cultural assets related to the destination (Destination Management Organization (DMO), 2023). The cultural tourism is important for promoting and preserving the cultural heritage. These DMOs mainly partnership with the different local community to makes sure about the tourism boosts and respects the destinations culture. For instance, within the Barcelona, the effective DMO functioned to maintain the historical sites of the city, this is making sure about the tourism offers support to the perseveration of the heritage and this includes Antoni Gaudi. On the other hand, tourism comes with the different challenges related to the customs, traditions and cultural co modification.

Environmental impact: Managing the economic gains can be considered as the major pressing challenge within the effective tourism management. The tourism might be boosting the economic development; this has the different causes which might damage the environment. The habitat destruction, pollution and over tourism are the major issues which faced by the destinations. This is demanding the DMOs to work with the sustainable tourism practices. For instance, Bali, DMOs has developed the different initiatives to encourage the responsible of tourism and decrease the plastic waste. Within the UK, the Scotland, this is major leader within the effective and sustainable practices, mainly within the islands and highlands. It involves the reducing the visitors numbers in the major areas, encouraging the low impact practices. This includes the offering support to the conservation projects, wildlife watching and hiking which protect the biodiversity region.

Case studies

Barcelona, Spain: The Barcelona is one of the major instance of the destination which mainly resulting in the damage on the infrastructure, experienced the over tourism and the housing shortage. The DMO mainly functioned to resolve the different challenges via strategies which majorly aimed at the dispersing the tourists across the city (Destination Management Barcelona, 2023). Moreover, the Barcelona majorly emphasised on the applying the initiatives of the sustainable tourism. This majorly includes the walking tours, encouraging the cycling; this decreases the traffic congestion and carbon emission. The efforts majorly offer help in managing the different negative influences of the tourism.

Bali, Indonesia: The tourism within the Bali is one of the major parts within the economy of island. This led to different environmental concerns; this includes the water shortages, deforestation and plastic pollution (Vučetić, 2021). The Government of Balinese and the DMO local majorly responded via the developing the campaigns motivate the responsible tourism, encourage the eco-friendly accommodations and decrease the plastic waste. Via collaboration with the businesses and local communities, the Bali has mainly worked to reduce the different environmental impacts.

Scotland’s Highlands, UK: This particularly serves as the major illustration case based on the development of sustainable tourism. The DMO’s region mainly focused on the protection of the cultural and natural resources, while developing the tourism. The initiatives of the sustainable tourism within the Highland, this involves the different activities in developing the low impact tourism (Scotland’s Highlands, UK, 2023). The activities mainly involve the partnership with the different conservation groups and nature related experiences to offer protection to the ecosystems and unique wildlife.

Venice, Italy: The Venice is majorly impacted by the over tourisms, this led to affect to historic canals, overcrowding and flooding. The effective DMO within the Venice has developed the different measure which maintains the sustainability. The major aims to decrease the environmental strain on the infrastructure of Venice.

The Application of the Theoretical concepts

Tourism Area Life cycle model (TALC): This model is introduced within the year 1980 by the Richard butler, this is effective theoretical framework. It describes the different stages related to the tourism destination development. This goes via the exploration to the rejuvenation and decline. The model is mainly useful for the DMOs to effectively understand the destination lifecycle to apply strategies within the every stage. The model is based on the six different stages like as rejuvenation or decline, stagnation, development, consolidation, stagnation and involvement. Within the exploration stages, the visitors explore the different destination which is mainly underdeveloped.

The DMOs might implement this model via exploring the different stages and boosting the strategies to maintain rejuvenate and growth interest (Tourism Area Life cycle model (TALC), 2023). For instance, the Bali utilised the rejuvenation strategies later than facing the various challenges about the over tourism. This involves the overcrowding and environmental degradation. Through establishing initiatives of the eco-friendly practices and encouraging tourism across the island. The stagnation stage, the destination management organizations might utilize the “rejuvenation strategies” in order to fortify the destination. These might involve the diversifying offering of tourist, increasing cultural attractions and encouraging the sustainable practices. For instance, Venice is using the rejuvenation efforts via the effective environmental initiatives.

SWOT analysis: The DMOs mainly utilises the SWOT analysis (Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and Threats. This mainly develops the informed decision and shapes the strategies. The SWOT offers the effective and structured method in order to analyses the external and internal factors which mainly influence the sustainability and competitiveness of destination.

Strengths: This might involve the destination’s natural landscapes, cultural heritage and established reputation. For instance, Highlands of Scotland are mainly unknown for the cultural traditions and natural beauty. In this the DMO attract the consumers who are eco-conscious.

Weaknesses: This can involve the lack of investment, seasonality, limited infrastructure within the tourism services. The effective DMOs within the fewer developed regions; this includes the rural areas within the growing countries. This often requires resolving the challenges to encourage the long term growth and boost the visitor experience.

Opportunities: It might be occur from the different growing trends, like as increasing demand to the adventure and sustainable tourism (Ryan, 2020). For example, the DMO within the novel Zealand particularly capitalised on reputation of countries for the eco tourism and outdoor adventure to boost the sustainable travel.

Threat: This might involve the different external risks, this includes the environmental disasters, political instability and economic downturns. The DMOs needs to prepare for the different risks via increasing contingency plans.

Within the practice, SWOT and DMOs analyse used to understand different development areas and boost the besieged campaigns to reduce the weaknesses, boost the strengths, resolve threats and focus on opportunities. For instance, VisitBritain utilises the SWOT evaluation to develop the marketing strategies. 

Carrying capacity: This mainly refers to the reducing number of visitors on a destination might offers support without any damage on the social fabric, infrastructure and environment. This is one of the paramount concepts for the DMOs looking to decrease over tourism and maintain the sustainable tourism. This might lead to decrease quality of local’s life, boost the experience of visitors.

The DMOs evaluates the carrying capacity via assessing different aspects, like as social tolerance, infrastructure limits and environmental sustainability. For example, by carrying capacity of the Venice through assessing the different historic and ecosystem infrastructure can be crucial. This is mainly leading to the DMOs in order to apply the strict measures. Via restructuring access of cruise ship and shifting entrée fee, the Venice looks to reduce the negative influences of the environmental assets, preserve the culture and over tourism. 

Tourist Typology: By understanding the various tourist play a major role for DMOs in order to boost the marketing strategies and offerings. Model of Plog’s psychographic divides the tourists within the tow major aspects such as “Psychocentric” and “allocentric”. The Physchocentric tourists are about the comfortable and familiar environment Physchocentric tourist. These are majorly drawn to the destinations which are well established with the enhanced infrastructure. In contrast, Allocentric tourists are looking for novel adventure and experiences and particularly attracted by the emerging and underdeveloped destinations. The DMOs utilises the different tourist typology to the particular segment and develop the effective targeted strategies to various travellers.

Examples of the Theoretical application

Scotland’s highlands (Carrying capacity and TALC model): The DMO within Scottish Highlands mainly implemented the model of TALC via knowing that destination is within the stage of development and demand for the sustainable strategies. DMO increases the low impact practices, encourage the eco-tourism, while restraining the development of infrastructure within the fragile ecosystem. By effectively evaluating the carrying capacity, the effective DMO can makes sure about tourist growth not able to lead over tourism and environmental degradation.

Venice (Carrying capacity and SWOT analysis): DMO of Venice utilises the SWOT analysis in order to maintain the understanding of cultural heritage (strength) and environmental fragility (weaknesses) (Parte and Alberca, 2021). In order to decrease the over tourism (threat), the Venice has developed visitors number, majorly commencing of cruise shop. The effective rejuvenation efforts of DMO, this is involving the visitor limits and entry fees.

Bali (rejuvenation and tourist Typology): DMO of Bali has majorly segmented the market by utilising the tourist typology in order to cater psychocentric and allocentric tourists. For the travellers who are allocentric, Bali encourages the Cultural experience and eco-tourism within the areas which are less developed of the island. For the tourists who are phychocentric, the DMO showcases the beach destinations and luxury resorts. The rejuvenation strategies of the Bali have involved the increasing tourism across island in order to reduce the overcrowding.

The role of DMOs in developing the regional tourism destination plans (TDPs)

Strategic role Within TDPs: The DMOs play major role within the (TDPs) boosting the Tourism destination plans. These are important within lining up with the international development of the regional tourism. The different plans work as the effective roadmaps to making sure that the destinations manage the competitive edge and guide the tourism sustainable growth. This is offering protection to the social, economic and environmental resources. The primary responsibility of DMO within the TDPs is increasing coordination among the different stakeholders, such as communities, businesses and governments to boost the strategy of cohesive tourism. This aims to focus on the trends of global tourism, like as responsible tourism, sustainability and digital innovation, into the context to regional. For instance, “Visit Scotland” Scotland’s DMO, this has increased the focus of TDP on the increasing sustainable tourism. Via aligning with the sustainability principles of UNWTO, DMOs makes sure that the growth of the regional tourism can meet the internal standards.

Infrastructure development: The DMOs major role is to making the tourism infrastructure with quality and availability, while involves the tourism attractions, accommodation facilities and transportation networks (Morrison, 2023). The infrastructure is one of the key factors of the tourism destinations which boost the visitor experience, accessibility and economic growth. The DMOs mainly works with the private sector and governments to makes sure about effective development of infrastructure with the goals of TDP’s. For example, within the “Singapore” The DMO played effective role within expanding the tourism infrastructure of city state by increasing the attractions (Mason, 2020). This includes the Changi Airport, Gardens by the bay and Marina Bay sands. By investing within the modern infrastructure, the Singapore places as the major and top tier international destination.

Human Resource management: The DMOs play a major role within the capacity building and offering support to the local employment in tourism industry. Via programs of the training and development, the DMOs offer help to makes the capable and skilled workforce of offering services with the high quality and tourism experience. Within the different regions, the DMOS majorly collaborates with the private businesses, local governments and educational institutions to offer opportunity professional development (Von Magius Mogelhoj, 2021). For instance, within the “Costa Rice”, the DMO particularly invested within the programs of training and development for hospitality workers and local guides. This makes sure about that the workforce is mainly capable of developing international tourism that is looking for eco-tourism. The DMOs within the UK like as “VisitWales” majorly applied programs for the workforce development. This might boost the expertise of local professionals within the tourism.

Natural resource management: The efficient natural resource management play a major role for the sustainability based on long term of different tourism destination. The DMOs needs to be manage the economic advantages related to the tourism along with preserve and protect the natural environments. Within the destinations like as “New Zealand”, the natural resource management is mainly prioritised by the DMOs via encouraging the sustainable travel and eco tourism practices. DMOs motivate the responsible travel via the different initiatives such as “Tiaki Promise”. Within the UK, regions of DMOs such as like Lake District majorly applied the different strategies to maintain the natural resources. By increasing the same strategies to maintain the natural resources might be important. Via restricting the environmental footprint and increasing sustainable tourism for the tourists, DMOs also offer help in securing the fragile ecosystems. The effective efforts might make the hiking trails, decreasing the litter via educational campaigns ad motivating the tourist to offer support in the eco-friendly tourist.

Sustainability and Green tourism: The promotion related to the green tourism and sustainability is major DMOs’s responsibility. The travellers are developing the awareness related to the different environmental impacts. The DMOs worked for encouraging the Green tourism principles within the TDPs. The Green tourism majorly bounds the different practices, from decreasing the carbon emission. For instance, “Costa Rica”, it has been become leader within the green tourism. DMOs also work in developing collaboration among the private and public stakeholders to boost the sustainability goals. The DMOs works with the different local businesses to encourage the initiatives, including reduce waste within the restaurants, hotels and utilising the energy sources.

Case study example

Singapore (Human resources and infrastructure): The DMOs of Singapore play a major role in increasing the world class infrastructure which majorly attracts the millions of tourist in every year. In order to investing within the tourist attractions, accommodations and transportation network play a major role. The Singapore mainly established as the major global destination (Northrop et al, 2022). Moreover, the DMO mainly supported employment of the locals via training programs. This also makes sure about the workforce is implemented to fulfil the demand within the growing industry.

Costa Rica (Sustainability and natural resource management): The DMO of the Costa Rica included the principles of green tourism within the TDP. This is developing as the leader of country within the eco-tourism. Through developing the practices of the sustainable tourism, providing the sustainable accommodations, protecting the natural resources and eco-friendly travel practices (Thommandru et al, 2023). The Costa Rica particularly attracted the travellers who are environmental conscious. The efforts of DMO have outcome in the growth of the sustainable economic which offers advantages within the protecting environment and local communities.

New Zealand (Green tourism and sustainability): The DMO of New Zealand has applied the different sustainable initiatives; this boosts the responsible tourism and natural landscape. “Tiaki promise” motivates the tourist to secure the collaboration of DMO and environment. By focusing on the green tourism, the New Zealand maintained to manage the economic balance.

The Lake District, UK (Natural resource management): The Lake district’s DMO emphasised on the securing the natural beauty. The initiatives such as educating the tourist related to conservation encourage the sustainable tourism. The effective approach makes sure about the Lake District can be one of the popular destinations for the tourist who are nature lovers.

CONCLUSION

Conclusively, it can be stated that sustainable tourism plays a major role in the tourist management and development. Destination management organizations are effective in developing and promoting tourism at the global level. The DMO’s are responsible for enhancing the tourists experience by ensuring sustainable and attractive destinations. Strategic management plays a major role in making sure that tourism can remain a cultural, social and economic asset while developing environmental protection and sustainability. The DMO’s are particularly responsible for maintaining the TDPs, offering support to the human resource development, making sure about the eco-friendly utilisation of the natural resources and increasing the critical infrastructure. Along with the international best practices, by lining up with the local strategies within tourism the DMOs can ensure that effective destinations can be resilient and competitive within the rapidly changing landscape. Effective DMOs were introduced to resolve different issues related to the destination development. This involves the development of different tourist preferences, avoiding over-tourism and maintaining growth. The illustrations from the Lack districts of UK, New Zealand, Costa Rica and Singapore, emphasises on how these DMO’s might boost human resource management, infrastructure development and sustainable practices. These makes sure that tourism might offer advantages to the local communities and these also secure natural as well as cultural resources. Apart from the critical role, effective DMO’s majorly faced different issues which will develop the future of the management in tourism. The major issue is related to climate change, which majorly threatens the different resources and thereby impacts tourist attraction as well.

The environmental degradation, weather events and increasing levels of use are mainly affecting the tourist spots. This is particularly forcing the rethink about the approaches to boost the development of tourism. For example, coastal destinations such as Maldives and Bali are majorly vulnerable; the DMO’s need to apply strategies to reduce the challenges and risks. This includes investment in the infrastructure of the climate resilient and encouraging sustainable tourism. The over tourism is also a major challenge which needs to be addressed by the DMO’s. Within the different popular destinations such as Venice and Barcelona, tourist volume led to a reduction in the quality of life, strain on the infrastructure and overcrowding. The DMO’s require finding out the methods to maintain the number of tourists effectively. This includes the application of tourist caps, increasing the different offerings of tourists, and encouraging travel in the off-season to extend several tourists within the less crowded destinations. The regularly changing preferences and behaviours of the tourist pose a major challenge for effective DMO’s. The developing demand for experience as well as customized-based travel and increasing focus on the sustainable tourism, are shifting the way tourists travel. The DMOs need to work with adapting the tailored experience, using digital technologies and communicating about the value related to eco-friendly tourism. The role of DMOs in effective tourism management is significant. As international tourism is developing, the DMOs majorly work is to ensure that the destinations need to be sustainable, competitive and attractive. The capability to manage economic growth in securing natural and cultural resources would be evaluated for long-term feasibility.

RECOMMENDATIONS

• The DMOs needs to use emerging technology to boost the effective management of the tourism destinations. It involves the utilization of the analytics and big data to effectively understand the preferences and behaviors of tourist. For example, the mobile apps which are offering real time data related to the tourist attractions and tools for the digital marketing for the virtual and customize promotion.
• The collaboration among the private sector, governments and local communities is significant for the success related to the tourism destinations. The DMOs needs to be emphasis on the developing strong partnership which makes sure that development of tourism aligns with the stakeholder’s needs.
• As the sustainability is major aspects within the tourism, the DMOs needs to focus on promoting the practices related to the green tourism. It involves the applying the sustainable certification related to the tour operators and hotels.

REFERENCES

Books and journals

• Boniface, B. Cooper, R. and Cooper, C., 2021 Worldwide Destinations. The Geography of Travel and Tourism. 8 thedn. New York: Routledge
• Mason, P., 2020. Tourism impacts, planning and management. Routledge.
• Morrison, A.M. 2023. Marketing and Managing Tourist Destinations. 3rd edn. New York: Routledge
• Northrop. E., et al. 2022. “Opportunities for Transforming Coastal and Marine Tourism: Towards Sustainability, Regenerationand Resilience.” Available online at: https:// oceanpanel.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SustainableTourism
• Parte, L. and Alberca, P., 2021. Business performance and sustainability in cultural and rural tourism destinations. Mathematics, 9(8), p.892.
• Perez, W., 2022 Tourism Destination Management. New York: States Academic Press.
• Ryan, C., 2020 Advanced Introduction to Tourism Destination Management. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
• Thommandru, A., Espinoza-Maguiña, M., Ramirez-Asis, E., Ray, S., Naved, M. and Guzman-Avalos, M., 2023. Role of tourism and hospitality business in economic development. Materials Today: Proceedings, 80, pp.2901-2904.
• Von Magius Mogelhoj, H., 2021 Overtourism: The Role of Effective Destination Management. New York: Business Expert Press.
• Vučetić, A. Š. 2021. Tourism destination management . Independently Published.