Impact Of Schedule Management Plan On Project Management Sample

Introduction Of The Impact Of Schedule Management Plan On Project Management

Background of the study

Complicated and urgent assignments are characteristic in the construction sector, and the successful completion of these projects requires competent time management. Poor schedule management, however, can result in delays, price hikes, and a reduction in the effectiveness of the project as a whole. In the context of the construction sector, the goal of this study is to examine the effects of a well-stated schedule management approach on project management efficiency and achievement (Stanitsas, et. al. 2021). This research aims to offer knowledge and suggestions that can improve schedule management practices and project results in the construction industry through the examination of various factors including project scheduling techniques, allocation of resources, risk management, and methods of communication.

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1.2 Research aim and objectives

The aim of the current study is to evaluate the contribution of schedule management plan on the effectiveness and success of project management plan within UK construction sector.

Referring above aim following objectives has been drafted:

• To develop understanding about the concept of project scheduling.
• To ascertain the significance of project scheduling in management and overall success.
• To identify challenges this associated with project scheduling and management within construction sector.
• To recommend competent scheduling practices to the firms which contribute in project success.

1.3 Research questions

1. What is the idea of project scheduling, and how can it affect the project's overall success?
2. Why is project scheduling essential to project management, and how does it influence how a project is handled overall?
3. What are specific challenges in planning and managing projects in the construction industry?
4. What efficient planning techniques can you suggest to construction companies to boost project success and get around the challenges that occur from project scheduling in the construction industry?

1.4 Rationale

This study was undertaken with the goal to address the urgent demand for efficient schedule management within the construction industry. This study tries to pinpoint the essential components that lead to better project results byanalyzingthe effects of an established schedule management approach on project management efficiency and efficacy (Zwikael, and Meredith, 2019).The findings will offer practitioners insightful information and suggestions on how to improve their schedule management procedures and have greater success with building projects.

1.5 Significance

The importance of this study rests in its ability to transform the construction sector for the better. This study can offer useful data for specialists in the field, project managers, and users by evaluating the effect of a schedule management approach on the project's effectiveness and success. The findings may be used to enhance schedule management procedures, leading to fewer project delays, lower project expenses, and better project outcomes overall. In the long run, our research hopes to improve the efficiency, viability, and long-term viability of construction projects, which will be advantageous to both the sector as well as society at large. Along with this, other scholars who want to conduct study in the similar area can also use this framework for the development of hypothesis for further evaluation or assessment.

PART 2: Literature Review

2.1 Concept of project scheduling

According to Li (2019) entails setting the start and end times concept project activities, allocating resources, and setting up a timeframe for the completion of the project, the notion of scheduling projects is fundamental to project management. For it to organize and manage project operations in a timely manner and meet the goals of the project, efficient project scheduling is crucial. The planning of projects frequently uses a variety of approaches, including the Critical Path Method (CPM), Gantt chartsand the Program Evaluate and Review Technique (PERT). Armenia, et. al. (2019) examined that Gantt charts give tasks for projects and their progress over time a graphical depiction. Activities are shown in horizontal bars along a sequence of events, with the duration of each bar denoting the time each job will take to complete. Managers and collaborators can readily understand the overall project timeline and monitor the progress of specific tasks recognition to this visualization.

Martinsuo and Geraldi (2020) stated that technique to project scheduling that is used frequently is the Critical Path Method (CPM). It assists to determine the critical route, which is made up of duties that have to be carried out quickly to avoid project delays. Project managers can find the longest series of operations that, taken together, establish the project's minimum length through analyzing the relationships between tasks and estimating their durations. Delays in the most important tasks have a direct effect on the project's overall schedule. McNamara and Sepasgozar (2021) ascertained the fact that scheduling technique, Program Assessment and Review approach (PERT), which adds stochastic elements into project planning. PERT takes the most optimistic, most likely and least pessimistic completion timeframes into account for every task. PERT allows managers of projects to identify jobs that have a greater level of ambiguity and offers a more precise assessment of the task's timeframe by taking these various estimations into assessment. Improved risk administration and allocation of resources are made as a result.

Larsson (2020) described that scheduling and leadership of projects provide unique difficulties in the setting of the construction industry. Building projects can include a number of stakeholders, complex supply networks, and a high level of variability. Managing interdependence across multiple duties and responsibilities is a critical difficulty since delays in one area may have a ripple effect on the project as a whole. Construction projects are also subject to outside variables including weather, regulatory clearances, and resource availability, which can further influence scheduling and project schedules. Armenia, et. al. (2019) mentioned in their study that Construction companies should use effective scheduling procedures with the goal to overcome these obstacles and improve the efficiency of the project. They ought to spend money on dependable project management tools that facilitate effective team collaboration, allocation of resources, and scheduling. Real-time updates, project progress visualization and improved stakeholder collaboration are all anticipated features of the program. Accurate job duration forecasting should be given priority by construction companies, and the project plan should include buffers or contingencies to accommodate for unexpected postponements or interruptions. Businesses may reduce risks and adjust to shifting conditions by providing for scheduling flexibility. On the critical note, Chen (2019) said that it is crucial for project stakeholders to work together and interact effectively with one another. Accountability and openness are promoted through regular meetings and updates on progress, as well as by duties and deadlines being clearly stated. This guarantees that each person in the team is cooperating to achieve the project's goals. Construction companies should continuously examine and review the project schedule to spot any possible roadblocks or crucial pathways that need to be resolved. With this proactive strategy, it is possible to implement timely changes, resource reallocations, or mitigating methods, reducing the effects of any schedule deviations.

Hartmann and Briskorn (2022) ascertained the fact that Construction industry-specific issues including job mutual dependence and outside variables necessitate effective scheduling techniques. Construction companies may improve their scheduling procedures while adding to the successful completion of their projects by implementing reliable project management software, precise determines methodologies, effective interaction, and proactive tracking.

2.2 Significance of Project Scheduling

de Andrade, et. al. (2019) identified in their study that Project scheduling is crucial to project management because it provides an organized method to assign resources, monitor progress, and fulfill deadlines. Successful project scheduling is crucial for cutting down on delays, minimizing conflicts, maximizing utilization of resources, and promoting teamwork. These advantages ultimately serve improve project performance, ensure client pleasure, and raise the success rate of the project.

According to the views of Miralinaghi, et. al. (2022) Resource allocation and utilization are optimized with the aid of efficient task scheduling. Project scheduling helps guarantee that resources are utilized successfully and effectively by carefully allocating resources to particular projects based on their accessibility, qualifications, and requirements. Because of the reduction in resource overload and underutilization, production and affordability are increased. The danger of delays or blockages is decreased by proper resource allocation, which additionally allows better planning for equipment utilization, subcontracting, and procurement. However, Birjandi and Mousavi (2019) argued that project scheduling helps in tracking progress and spotting any problems or deadline infractions. Project managers can keep track of the completion of tasks, achievements, and deliverables because it gives an unambiguous plan for the order of tasks and their interdependencies. This makes it possible to identify any delays or problems early on and take quick corrective action. The project may be kept on track by routinely comparing its progress to the timetable and implementing any modifications, resource reallocations, or backup plans.

In accordance with the views of Kim (2020) project scheduling also improves team members' interaction and cooperation. Scheduling aids in organizing efforts to achieve project goals by outlining roles, responsibilities, and timelines in an easy-to-understand way. To guarantee efficient project execution, teammates may more efficiently coordinate their operations, work together on trans-disciplinary tasks, and communicate. This encourages an awareness of shared accountability and ownership, improving cooperation and minimizing disagreements or disputes.

Kabirifar and Mojtahedi (2019) examined project scheduling's effect on project performance constitutes one of its key benefits. A carefully planned plan ensures that the project's tasks are carried out in a logical order, improving productivity and reducing interruption. As a result, productivity, effectiveness, and the overall success of the project all increase. Project scheduling also aids in identifying crucial tasks and the critical sequence of events, allowing managers to concentrate on the actions that will have the most influence on how long the entire endeavor takes. Project managers may actively reduce risks, prevent delays, and boost project success by efficiently handling these crucial duties.

On the contradictory note, Tereso, et. al. (2019) defined that another crucial advantage of efficient project scheduling is client satisfaction. Project planning gives clients trust and exhibits competence and dependability by completing tasks according to schedule or even early. Maintaining client trust, obtaining repeat business, and establishing a solid reputation in the field entails meeting project deadlines. A well-structured schedule's transparency and predictability also promote open communication and confidence between the project group and clients by giving consumers a clear grasp of the project's milestones, deliverables, and progress. On the critical note, author said that by offering an organized method for resource allocation, progress tracking, and fulfilling project deadlines, scheduling projects plays a vital role in project management. Planning efficiently increases resource utilization, decreases delays, fosters collaboration, and ultimately improves project results and customer satisfaction. Project scheduling encourages the overall oversight of projects by streamlining workflow, identifying crucial activities, and encouraging coordination.

2.3 Challenges in project scheduling within the construction sector

According to study by Bajjou and Chafi (2020) there are a number of significant problems associated with scheduling projects in the construction industry. These difficulties result in the particular characteristics of building projects that are subject to external influences, interrelated, and resource- and uncertainty-sensitive. For the construction industry's scheduling and management to be effective, multiple challenges must be overcome. Zaman, et. al. (2019) ascertained the fact that the challenge of creating exact schedules for building projects is one among the major difficulties in organizing projects within the construction industry. Outside factors including the state of the weather, the availability of trained labor, and the speed of material deliveries often have an influence on construction projects. These variables can have a substantial impact on project deadlines while making it challenging to anticipate how long construction work will take. For instance, adverse weather may delay or halt outdoor construction activity, deviating the project schedule. Similarly to this, project delays might be attributed to shortages of labor or sluggish material purchases. The constant change and unpredictability of these outside influences make planning projects in the construction industry extremely challenging. Akinosho, et. al. (2020) identified in their study that the interdependence of several construction-related tasks is a major obstacle. Typically, construction projects comprise a large number of linked jobs and tasks, where the effective conclusion of one task is contingent upon the accomplishment of another. These interdependencies are challenging to manage and regulate since even a small postponement or interruption in one operation can have an enormous effect on the overall project timeline. Bottlenecks, differences, and general inefficiencies in the building industry can result from ineffective coordination and synchronized of various tasks. In the construction industry, efficient interdependency management and seamless communication are essential for successful project scheduling.

Hossain, et. al. (2020) defined project scheduling in the construction sector is frequently hindered by constraints on resources and limitations. For a project to be finished, qualified personnel, specialized supplies, and timely supply of supplies are needed. However, a lack of or a conflict over the distribution of these resources may have an effect on project timetables. A lack of trained and experienced labor may result in delays and inefficiencies in the construction industry. The same applies for the supply of specific equipment or materials, which might cause delays and impede development. In the construction industry, managing resource constraints and preserving proper availability of resources is crucial for good project scheduling. On the critical note Armenia, et. al. (2019) said that there are a number of uncertainties and dangers that might affect project timelines for construction endeavors. Construction projects may have delay due to variables including design changes, unanticipated site situations, and regulatory difficulties. Project timetables may be impacted by these unexpected occurrences, and adjustments may be necessary to account for the changes. These dangers and unpredictability should be taken into account when planning construction projects, and contingency measures ought to be included to lessen the influence they have on completion dates.

Alaloul, et. al. (2020) identified in their study that the effective coordination and communication of all parties, especially workers, subcontractors, and vendors, is essential to effective scheduling of projects in the construction industry. Conflicts, interruptions, and miscommunication can occur as a consequence of poor coordination and inadequate communication. Insufficient coordination among the many project participants may cause problems and interruptions, resulting in inefficiencies and delays in schedules. For these problems to be overcome, it is crucial to develop teamwork, clear and prompt interaction, and efficient project management procedures. Larsson, (2020) mentioned in their study that the effect of external variables, connections among activities, budget restrictions, unpredictability, and coordinating concerns among stakeholders are only a few of the challenges that project planning in the construction industry interactions. Proactive planning, outstanding risk management, and strong teamwork and communication techniques are required to overcome these obstacles. Construction companies may improve their project planning procedures, reduce delays, and improve the overall success of the project by addressing these issues.

PART 3: Research Methodology

3.1 Research Type

To gather mathematical information that could potentially utilize to quantify factors, techniques for quantitative analysis are developed. Data that is quantitative is statistically organized, as well as its findings are certain and unambiguous (Fathalizadeh, et.al, 2021). It employs a theory-based methodology that depends on gathering and carefully analyzing evidence. A quantitative study is an approach that offers assistance with the requirements to extrapolate broad findings and forecast consequences from the study. A process called qualitative investigation is made for gathering not statistical facts to achieve understanding. It is loosely organized or partially organized as well as non-statistical. It is predicated on facts gathered via an analysis method that explains the reason. Data that aims at explaining the subject rather than quantifying it is collected using qualitative evidence. Thoughts, viewpoints, and qualities are measured in this kind of study.

The case study design was probably preferred for this research qualitative survey form to acquire an extensive comprehension of the influence of plan scheduling strategies on managerial efficiency and achievement in the field of construction. This will be accomplished via wide-ranging examinations, on-site findings along with the evaluation of qualitative findings.

3.2 Research Approach

When conducting inductive analysis, a scholar gathers and examines information to create ideas, conceptions, or assumptions that rely on the trends and findings revealed by the data (Datta, et.al, 2023). The study is conducted using a "from the bottom up approach, where the scholar begins with specific findings before moving on to further broad speculations or concepts. A framework, speculation, or generalizationis the starting point for logical inquiry that is subsequently tested by information and observation gathering. It employs a top-down strategy where the scholar begins with a broad hypothesis and then evaluates it using detailed data collection.

For this project, the inductive study technique was chosen that entails gathering and analyzing qualitative information to create generalizations, concepts and ideas. In-depth trends and understandings can be discovered by looking at particular examples of scheduling planning and accomplishments in project management in the building sector, thus aiding in the creation of novel ideas and ways of thinking.

3.3 Research Philosophy

According to positivism, understanding may be gained by watching and quantifying events that happen naturally. By gathering information with their instruments and then analyzingit, both individuals and machines may derive reality or understanding. Along with interpretivism, social events are real (Newman and Gough, 2020). Other information isformed for individuals or entities by a variety of elements, including cultural background, opinions, and values. When measuring social notions, scholars ignore their prejudice.

This proposal will use the study of interpretivism methodology. It emphasizescomprehension of one's opinions and an observation connected tothe topicand acknowledges how social factors are impacted by personal significance and perceptions. This strategy places a focus on qualitative tools to investigate and comprehend these individualized facts.

3.4 Data collection

When collecting primary information, scholars are gathering material specifically towardthe goals of the research they are doing. Fundamentally, the inquiries that investigators pose are designed to extract the information they need for their investigation (Pandey and Pandey, 2021). By conducting their own interviews, polls, orpersonal observations, scholars gather information. Information that has already been gathered by another party is known as additional data. Investigations via the Internet, publications, and business reports are a few examples.This research use of additional information was picked. It entails accumulating information about the topic utilizingalready readily obtainable, including peer-reviewed studies, references, and documents. This strategy permits a thorough assessment of current information and ideas while gathering novelprimary information.

3.5 Data Analysis

A technique for analyzingqualitative information called thematic analysis involves poring over a collection of information and searching for similarities in the significance of the information to identify themes. Creating meaning inthe information is a reflexive procedure where the investigator's perspective is crucial. Application for the evaluation of mathematical data is available under the names Statistics by IBM and SPSS (which stands for Statistical Package for Social Sciences). While SPSS's name refers to its first application in the fieldof social science, it is now used in various other marketplaces.

The study plan opted to analyzethe information thematically. It entails the methodical discovery, classification, and evaluation of trends, themes, and groups present in qualitative information derived from surveys, field trips, or written materials (Mukherjee, 2019). By finding recurrent concepts and trends, this method enables an increased awareness of the influence of timeline management tactics on managing projects'efficacy and achievement in the building sector.

3.6 Ethical Considerations

Several ethical issues must be taken into consideration while researching how schedule management techniques affect project management efficiency and achievement in the construction sector. Making sure the research abides by ethical rules and regulations, particularly informed consent, free consent, and the safeguarding of participants' rights Snyder (2019). Citing sources correctly helps to avoid plagiarism and gives the original writer credit. Respecting these ethical guidelines is essential to upholding the reliability and accuracy of the procedure for conducting research as well as safeguarding the rights and welfare of the participants.

3.7 Reliability and Validity

Validity and reliability are essential factors in this study proposal, which looks at how schedule management techniques affect the project's efficiency and achievement in the construction sector. The study will use standardized gathering and analyzing of data procedures to ensure dependability Bairagi and Munot (2019). The use of trustworthy and up-to-date sources of data, the use of the most recent studies and business keywords, and the use of the proper measuring instruments and techniques to precisely capture the targeted constructs will all help to assure validity.

3.8 Research Limitations

There may be some limits to the research on how schedule management strategies affect the project's success and effectiveness in the construction industry Patel (2019). The sample size, the extent of data gathering, and the degree of analysis may be constrained by factors including cost, time limitations, and financial resources. When evaluating the results, these drawbacks should be recognized and taken into account.

PART 4: Critical Evaluation

In this study, qualitative research with an interpretivist viewpoint and inductive methodology was selected as the research methodology. Using the ‘research onion' structure created by Saunders et al. (2016), this section explains the advantages and limits associated with the selected research strategy and gives a compelling argument for and against it.

• Research Type: The use of qualitative techniques is suitable for investigating the experiences, attitudes, and perspectives that project managers and industry participants. Qualitative research enables a thorough comprehension of the various aspects of timetable management tactics and their impact on convey efficiency and achievement.
• Research Approach and Philosophy: The method of inductive enquiry is appropriate for this study since it enables the identification of new ideas and structures based on the information gathered (Ellis, et. al. 2021). By collecting and analyzing qualitative data, this approach allows researchers to develop concepts and generate insights based on the data. It is in line with the exploratory nature of the study and offers flexibility in adjusting to new trends and viewpoints.

The interpretivist philosophy is suitable since it values numerous perspectives and subjective experiences (Phair D., 2021). Because each person participating in the management of projects in the construction sector may have a different interpretation of scheduling and its impacts, interpretivism allows an in-depth investigation of these many points of view.

Benefits of the chosen strategy include:

• A comprehensive study: of project executives' experiences, attitudes, and views, as well as those of stakeholders in the industry, is made possible by qualitative research, which provides rich and in-depth insights.
• Contextualization: This approach enables the investigation of the precise contextual factors that affect project results and schedule management techniques in the construction sector.
• Flexibility: the research may adapt to new topics and unexpected outcomes according to the inductive method, which leads to a more thorough grasp of the subject.
• Individual perspectives: By implementing interpretivism, the study recognises the value of unique perspectives and experiences, which helps offer an improved comprehension of schedule management techniques.

Limitations of the selected approach:

Generalizability: Because qualitative research tends to be focused on particular situations or situations, it is difficult to extrapolate findings to a larger population. It's likely that the conclusions are context-specific and hard to transfer to other contexts.

Subjectivity: The researchers' individual perspectives and prejudices affect how they interpret qualitative data. To minimize subjectivity and to guarantee reliability and precision in the analytical process, steps should be done.

Time and resource-intensive: Specifically when dealing with significant volumes of qualitative data, qualitative research frequently necessitates substantial time as well as finances for data collection, processing, and interpretation (Mehedi, et. al. 2021).

Possibility of researcher influence: Subjects' replies may be prejudiced as a result of the investigator's presence and interactions with them.

This study is well suited to the qualitative study style that was chosen, which uses an interpretivist perspective and an inductive methodology. It allows a thorough examination of the perspectives, attitudes, and knowledge of project managers and other industry participants with relation to schedule management methods in the construction sector. Notwithstanding the subjectivity and generalizability limits of qualitative research, the advantages of acquiring deep and contextualized insights exceed these disadvantages. The research may enhance understanding of time management tactics and their influence on project efficiency and achievement by using rigors data gathering and analysis methodologies.

Figure 1: Research philosophy in the research onion

Source: Business research methodology

Timeline

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Online

• Phair D., 2021. Saunders' Research Onion: Explained Simply. [Online]. [Available on]. :< https://gradcoach.com/saunders-research-onion/>.
• Research philosophy in the research onion. Business research methodology [Online]. [Available on]. :< https://research-methodology.net/research-philosophy/>.