11 Pages
2766 Words
Introduction - Biomedical vs. Social Models in Mental Health Treatment
Working at a hospital's mental health unit is enlightening and meaningful, providing a unique perspective on the dyics that define mental health patients' well-being. Social factors affect views, access to treatment, and mental health, making mental health complicated. Sociology of health and sickness ideas and concepts help healthcare workers understand how social influences affect mental health. The mental health unit's wide patient population and range of problems make it excellent for social health studies. Within these confines, social conventions, cultural influences, and economic disparities are evident. The article examines health and sickness in society. Comprehending mental health requires understanding the biomedical-social model contradiction. The model emphasises mental wellness. Its domination improved medical knowledge. The model's diagnoses have guided focused therapies and improved patient outcomes in the mental health unit. The social model of health considers social, economic, and environmental aspects affecting mental health. Changing the mental health unit to a patient-centred and holistic approach may enhance patient treatment. The social model urges doctors to consider patients' social contexts. Sociology of health and sickness shapes hospital mental health. It will examine how society affects mental health treatment.
Principles and Core Concepts of the Sociology of Health and Illness
According to Omar et al. (2019), health and sickness sociology involves a complex interaction of principles and key ideas that affect the health of individuals and society. Economic, social, psychological, cultural, age, ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic level, and spiritual or religious beliefs influence health and health-related behaviours. Economic considerations impact health. Wealth inequality influences medical access. Health disparities also depend on socioeconomic status. Community structures and support networks are important factors. Social solid ties help protect against stress and adverse health outcomes. Social isolation and lack of support can contribute to mental health issues.
Social Determinants of Mental Health:
The sociology of health and illness focuses on the impact of social determinants on mental health. Economic, social, and psychological factors affect mental well-being. Economic disparity can affect mental health resources. The role of community and relationships in fostering mental well-being is emphasised in social support networks (Bohr and Memarzadeh, 2020).
Psychological factors
According to Borkowski and Meese (2020), mental health and stress are related. Chronic stress can cause physical ailments and contribute to health problems. Mental health is an essential aspect of overall well-being and is intricately linked to societal attitudes, access to mental health services, and the stigma associated with seeking help.
Cultural factors
Work experience within the mental health unit can show the impact of cultural factors on beliefs and practices. People within the diverse patient population of the mental health unit perceive and manage their conditions based on cultural norms around mental health. The cultural considerations include attitudes regarding therapy, medication, and coping mechanisms in the realm of mental health (Chavez et al., 2021).
Age factor
As stated by Fan et al. (2020), the mental health unit acknowledges that age is a critical factor. There are unique challenges and healthcare needs for individuals grappling with mental health issues. Due to the complexity of ageing, geriatric mental health concerns may require specialised attention, while tailored interventions to address the unique needs of children and adolescents may be involved.
Ethnicity and gender
Ethnic and gender differences cause the health disparity in mental health. Specific ethnic communities require culturally competent mental health treatment. Understanding cultural and gender norms helps ensure mental healthcare equity.
Spiritual or religious beliefs factors
The mental health unit values religion more than ever. Faith groups may provide vital social assistance during mental health crises. Remember that religious views may influence medical decisions and mental health intervention acceptance. Integrating spiritual or religious viewpoints with evidence-based mental health methods is sensitive yet essential to providing complete and patient-centred mental health care (Jamil et al., 2019).
As per Khezr et al. (2019), cultural, age, ethnicity, gender, and spiritual or religious views interact uniquely in the mental health unit. Recognising and managing these elements with sensitivity and cultural competence is essential to provide mental health patients with medically sound treatment that meets their different needs and views.
Biomedical and Social Models of Health and Disability in the hospital
Biomedical Model:
The model can explain hospital mental health. The biomedical approach holds that biological phenomena cause health and incapacity and may diagnose and cure mental diseases. Observable and quantitative indications help make accurate mental health diagnoses. The benefits of mental health care can be seen in the innovations in diagnostic tools and treatments that have been made possible by the medical technology within the model. The model's reductionist nature may limit its capacity to address the complex dimensions of mental health conditions. The importance of social determinants and holistic approaches becomes evident, emphasising the need to complement the biomedical model with broader sociological perspectives within the mental health context (Mikkonen, 2019).
Social Model:
As per Liu et al. (2019), the social model is more important in the mental health unit. Mental health and disability are seen as more than just a problem. The social model shows the interconnectedness of the elements. This is an advantage in the treatment of mental health patients. Taking preventative steps is in line with the goal of keeping everyone in the unit mentally healthy. It might be hard to use social model approaches in mental health care because they need much money for society to change. The mental health unit's goals are in line with the social model's promise to deal with social determinants.
In Relation to Age, Poverty:
When using these models to look at issues related to getting older, one have to take into account both the physiological and social aspects of the model. Both models give us helpful information about the unique problems people face at different stages of life, which helps us understand all the mental health problems that come with getting older (Liu et al., 2019).
Congenital Diseases
According to Mason et al. (2020), the biomedical model is very good at diagnosing mental health problems that happen at birth, and the social model focuses on making environments where everyone feels welcome. Both models can be used to make society and medicine better places to live.
Both models need to be used to help people who are poor and have mental health problems. In the biomedical model, medical treatments are used to find the causes. In the social model, on the other hand, social factors are looked at. If poor people can get more resources and opportunities, their mental health can get better (Moorhead, Swanson and Johnson, 2023).
In relation to Environment
As stated by Wu et al. (2020), the biomedical model can be used to find and make the mental health unit a better place to get medical care. This model makes sure that the environment for health care is good. To make sure that the sites it builds are suitable for long-term mental health, the mental health unit can find a balance between these models. The model's focus on finding and fixing environmental factors fits with the mental health unit's need for short-term care. The biomedical model makes sure that immediate ecological problems are dealt with in a targeted and precise way. This is true whether the issues are physical, like noise levels, lighting, and safety measures, or biochemical, like biochemical problems that may affect mental health. This level of accuracy is fundamental in times of crisis and in the early stages of mental health problems, when a well-run space can help people get back on track.
This model of health can help to understand how mental health services are set up. That's not all the environment is made up of; it also includes the cultural aspects of care and stresses acceptance, cultural sensitivity, and social support. During the day, the mental health unit changes from a hospital-like setting to a therapeutic neighbourhood where people can feel understood and get help as they get better (Xu et al., 2021).
Impact of the Biomedical and Social Models on Improving Patient Care in the Mental Health Unit:
The biomedical and social models have made a big difference in how well patients are cared for in the mental health unit. They all do things in different ways that help make the mental health system complete and more focused on the patient (Xu et al., 2021).
Biomedical Model Impact on Patient Care:
In the past, mental health care has been emphasised. The progress made in mental health research shows how important it is to patient care. Focusing on identifying specific psychiatric conditions has made it easier for targeted therapeutic interventions to help patients in the mental health unit (Jamil et al., 2019).
According to Borkowski and Meese (2020), there are limits to mental health care. Because the model is reductionist, it's easy to miss the complicated situations that patients are in. That being said, social determinants might not be enough to make a difference in the mental health unit. Managing symptoms is an essential part of mental health care, but it's possible to focus too much on it and not enough on the social factors that cause the symptoms.
Social Model Impact on Patient Care:
As stated by Fan et al. (2020), the mental health unit can help more patients get better care if they think about social, economic, and environmental factors. This is because the social model takes these into account. The shift to a more patient-centred and whole-person approach shows how important social factors are.
According to Omar et al. (2019), when doctors and nurses think about their patients' social lives, the social model tells them to do so. This helps the people who work in the mental health unit better understand what each person needs. The social model says that mental health settings should be open to people from all walks of life and with a wide range of tastes. Clients and mental health workers can feel like they belong and trust each other more. When it comes to mental health patients, the social model does more than look at their social and cultural background. It changes the therapeutic relationships and the mental health unit's overall level of care.
To get a better understanding of each person's needs, healthcare professionals who use the ideas of the social model must first become open to them. The social model should be utilised to look at the patient's life while keeping in mind things like income, housing, and the environment. Their culture shapes their story, the people who help them, and the things that they have done in their lives (Liu et al., 2019).
Integration for Comprehensive Mental Health Care:
As per Khezr et al. (2019), the models show how the mental health unit has changed over time in how they care for their patients. Professionals in mental health can use the most up-to-date and accurate psychiatric knowledge and tools along with the patient-centred approach of the social model when they combine the two.
As per Khezr et al. (2019), it's essential to help people with specific issues and learn about the social factors that affect mental health at the same time. People with mental health problems can have a better quality of life because they can get better treatment plans and be more likely to stick with them. The mental health unit can make a system that is more complete, fair, and focused on each patient by using both models at the same time.
Conclusion
A lot of different things that affect mental health have been found by looking at the main ideas and principles of the sociology of health and illness in the mental health unit. People's experiences and the way society works together have shown us that we need a deeper understanding that goes beyond clinical diagnoses. The mental health unit bases its care on sociological ideas. Cultural factors, age-related dyics, gender expectations, and socioeconomic factors have all been shown to have an impact on mental health. The fact that the biomedical and social models are different shows how hard it is to provide mental health care. The model for diagnosis and treatment has made a big difference in how well patients do. In the field of mental health, its reductionist nature becomes apparent, which means that it needs to be combined with the social model's more general insights. The social model focuses on patient-centred care while taking into account social determinants and each person's unique situation. This works well with the biomedical model to make the mental health system more complete and fairer. By using both models together in the mental health unit, doctors can use the accuracy and new technology of the biomedical model along with the social model's focus on the patient perspective. The combination fixes the flaws in each model separately and encourages a more complex way of caring for patients. It talks about how to deal with the complicated issues of mental health in hospitals. The sociology of health and illness and the combination of biomedical and social models help us create a mental health system that is more whole, patient-centred, and welcoming. This all-around approach also helps with the goal of making a society that cares about each person's mental health.
References
- Al Omar, A., Bhuiyan, M.Z.A., Basu, A., Kiyomoto, S. and Rahman, M.S., 2019. Privacy-friendly platform for healthcare data in cloud based on blockchain environment. Future generation computer systems, 95, pp.511-521.
- Bohr, A. and Memarzadeh, K., 2020. The rise of artificial intelligence in healthcare applications. In Artificial Intelligence in healthcare (pp. 25-60). Academic Press.
- Borkowski, N. and Meese, K.A., 2020. Organizational behavior in health care. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- Chavez, S., Long, B., Koyfman, A. and Liang, S.Y., 2021. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A primer for emergency physicians. The American journal of emergency medicine, 44, pp.220-229.
- Fan, W., He, Q., Meng, K., Tan, X., Zhou, Z., Zhang, G., Yang, J. and Wang, Z.L., 2020. Machine-knitted washable sensor array textile for precise epidermal physiological signal monitoring. Science advances, 6(11), p.eaay2840.
- Jamil, F., Hang, L., Kim, K. and Kim, D., 2019. A novel medical blockchain model for drug supply chain integrity management in a smart hospital. Electronics, 8(5), p.505.
- Khezr, S., Moniruzzaman, M., Yassine, A. and Benlamri, R., 2019. Blockchain technology in healthcare: A comprehensive review and directions for future research. Applied sciences, 9(9), p.1736.
- Kyngäs, H., Mikkonen, K. and Kääriäinen, M. eds., 2019. The application of content analysis in nursing science research. Springer Nature.
- Liu, J., Gan, Y., Jiang, H., Li, L., Dwyer, R., Lu, K., Yan, S., Sampson, O., Xu, H., Wang, C. and Zhu, Y., 2019. Prevalence of workplace violence against healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Occupational and environmental medicine, 76(12), pp.927-937.
- Liu, Y., Zhang, L., Yang, Y., Zhou, L., Ren, L., Wang, F., Liu, R., Pang, Z. and Deen, M.J., 2019. A novel cloud-based framework for the elderly healthcare services using digital twin. IEEE access, 7, pp.49088-49101.
- Mason, D.J., Perez, A., McLemore, M.R. and Dickson, E., 2020. Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
- Moorhead, S., Swanson, E. and Johnson, M., 2023. Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)-e-book: Measurement of health outcomes. Elsevier Health Sciences.
- Wu, J., Wei, Z., Li, W., Wang, Y., Li, Y. and Sauer, D.U., 2020. Battery thermal-and health-constrained energy management for hybrid electric bus based on soft actor-critic DRL algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 17(6), pp.3751-3761.
- Xu, J., Glicksberg, B.S., Su, C., Walker, P., Bian, J. and Wang, F., 2021. Federated learning for healthcare informatics. Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research, 5, pp.1-19.
