Smart Home Technology And Infrastructure Assignment Sample

Introduction Of Smart Home Technology And Infrastructure

1.1 Background

The illumination, heating, and cooling systems, protection, recreational activities, gadgets, and energy management are just a few of the things that smart home technology may automate and regulate in a home. It combines voice-controlled assistants, smart centres of activity, and connectivity protocols to offer comfort, improved security, and energy efficiency.

Recent technical and policy issues regarding efficiency in energy use, worldwide warming, and the long-term applicable buildings have made smart houses a focus. These many technological classes are positioned alongside a sixth degree or categories of smartness, ranging from the basic house to the completely automated and smart home (Sovacool et al. 2020). After describing in further detail the 17 potential hazards and hurdles that smart homes may present, it then presents seven policy recommendations based on the research.

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The emphasis is on four key technologies: smart home systems/home automation, smart door locks, smart fire protection devices, and smart lighting. The potential safety advantages of smart fire prevention systems were seen most favourably, and older individuals' plans to utilize them in their homes were considerably impacted by their perceptions of their affordability. The focus group results highlight privacy issues, return on investment, and technology doubt as important factors of views toward smart design goods (Tural et al. 2021). The study's recommendations on how to prioritize the integration of smart home technologies into homes have ramifications for designers and manufacturers.

This project will be based upon the investigation of the impact of training on a group of residents' attitudes toward the application of smart home technology, building on the findings of a prior study and employing an identical living laboratory methodology. The findings indicate that training has an impact on attitudes toward smart home devices, including improved confidence in use in the future and increasing use of more advanced smart home features (Wright et al. 2022). The findings also show that users opted to seek help from other individuals rather than training manuals and that privacy concerns did not discourage them from adopting smart home devices.

Figure 1: Backend of IoT devices in a smart home

(Source: Hsu et al., 2017)

During conduct this research, there are several queries have arrived those are:

• How does smart home technology affect residential settings' comfort, convenience, and energy efficiency?
• How many safety and privacy issues can be raised by smart home gadgets?
• How satisfied the user is with using voice assistants and other smart home interfaces to enhance user engagement and control?
• How do the variables affect consumer acceptance and uptake of smart home technologies to guide marketing and design initiatives?

1.2 Aims and Objective

The initial aim of this project is to analyze smart home technology and to improve the ease of usage of various gadgets, ease efficiency of energy, and security for occupants and integrate different components of a home, including lighting, security, and appliances. To analyze the whole survey of the project SPSS will be used. During conduct this research, there are several objectives have arrived those are:

• To examine how smart home technology affects residential settings' comfort, convenience, and energy efficiency.
• To analyze the safety and privacy issues raised by smart home gadgets.
• To investigate user experience and usability of voice assistants and other smart home interfaces to enhance user engagement and control.
• To investigate the variables that affect consumer acceptance and uptake of smart home technologies to guide marketing and design initiatives.

2. Discussion

2.1 Literature Review

2.1.1Emplerical studies

According to Wright (2020), Despite their growing popularity, Smart homes and associated gadgets are still not widely used. Except for large polls, there has not been much research on how people perceive the benefits of various devices for smart homes in particular. They established an actual testing site with five homes powered by sunlight furnished with a range of smart home gadgets to explore how college-aged tenants “learn about, use, or acquire a fascination with smart home technology”. Making advantage of “smart home technology”. According to surveys, consumers consider the key motivators for electronic home adoption as lifestyle benefits. Absent instructions on how to utilize the technology in issue, these advantages do not outweigh the risks associated with them.

According to Marikyan (2019), Current technological developments have enabled the introduction of machine learning in smart homes that can be adapted to the demands of their residents. On a daily basis, smart home technologies serve both individuals and the environment (Marikyan et al. 2019). Considering the scientific community's profound curiosity in the subject, intelligent home adoption remains modest. The current study's purpose is to come up with a research model that will explain why individuals value homes that are smart. This study investigates the impact of human ideas and ideals, as well as the relationship between technological acceptance criteria and usage behavior. The specified parameters were evaluated using structural equation modeling on a sample of 422 smart dwellings.

According to Strangers (2020), the demand for and use of smart home technology has lagged behind expectations, especially among women. This report is on a partnership between academia and business by giving the results of ethnographic research with 31 early adopters of smart homes in Australia. The article examines these households' experiences in connection to the “3Ps”, or “protection”, “productivity”, and “pleasure”, which are three ideas at the heart of Intel's ambient computing vision for the home (Strangers et al. 2020). The author has discovered that safety is a type of “caring, productivity offers small conveniences”, “energy savings”, and “the ability to multitask”, and pleasure comes from ambient and aesthetically pleasing aspects as well as the enjoyment of playing around with technology. This study indicates three design possibilities and problems for the smart home: increasing digital housekeeping, internal risks to family security, and feminine requirements for a connected home.

According to Marikyan (2019), The smart home is a building that has the most cutting-edge techs to improve the users and living residents of that house. These techs give special services to the people. This innovative technology is very feasible and easy to manage. They provide assistance with various household work. With this, it will improve the quality of life of the people. Examining the client's perspective and the existing status of smart homes is crucial to facilitating their deployment and acceptance (Marikyan et al. 2019). There is a critical need to review the literature given how quickly it has been emerging in this field of study. This advanced technology will increase the life quality and independence of the people exposed to the new techs. The main purpose of conducting this study is to make thorough research on smart homes and how they follow the current circumstances.

According to Davis (2019), The “World Wide Web” of Things has revolutionized many aspects of people's everyday lives, including how to go about their daily business at home and how they will manage their living spaces from a distance. The adoption of these smart home technologies exposes users' private spaces to threats to their privacy and security without their knowledge. they investigated the security posture and vulnerabilities of IoT devices for smart homes. This began by reviewing the existing research on known IoT device vulnerabilities, taking into account four types of attacks: physical, network, software, and encryption (Davis et al. 2019). Then, using misuse and abuse scenario analysis to evaluate security postures across well-known and lesser-known companies, they ran their own vulnerability trials. Finally, they reviewed the coverage in significant vulnerability databases.

Figure 2: Smart Home devices

(Source: Davis et al. 2019)

According to Geeng (2019), personal smart home device use is quickly rising, making it possible to conduct in-home research. The authors are attempting to comprehend how various people and equipment interact in a smart home when these technologies are implemented in common areas. Semi-structured interviews and experience sampling were used in a mixed-methods research with 18 participants who lived in multi-user smart homes and were largely responsible for driving the adoption of smart devices in their houses. This study reveals conflicts and collaboration among users at various points of smart device use, including device installation and setup, routine use, whenever the smart home fails to work as planned, and over a longer period of time (Geeng et al. 2019). In terms of choosing, managing, and maintaining gadgets, The overall witness of an oversized role for the person installing them as well as negotiations between both adults and kids.

According to Helal (2019), as people get older, their requirements change and are more diverse, and the amount of persons with dementia is continuously rising. Although they are frequently rigidly constructed with a particular and solved problem in mind, smart homes have an uncommon capacity to provide a supported living. To create smart-ready communities and homes that can be quickly and easily modified to suit changing user needs and provide the necessary support, empowerment, and living independence. the creation and implementation of programmable environments for elderly people (Helal et al. 2019). Platform technology has made it possible to separate goal-setting as well as implementation development from the deployment and integration of sensors and assistive technology in the assistive context. It was conceivable to customize a smart home and modify its interfaces and programs on the fly as user demands changed, and this was successfully demonstrated in one home, the Gator Technology Smart House. At one of the UK's NHS Healthy New Town projects, the platform technology strategy is being scaled up to a structured living community. In order to give help and independent living, there is a tremendous need for integrating technology with living settings. However, in order to make these places smarter for lifelong habitation, the technology, and smart home applications have to be adaptable, flexible, and able to change over time.

2.1.2Literature gap

The literature on smart home technologies reveals several gaps and to completely comprehend how smart home technologies are adopted and accepted, there are a number of holes in the research that need to be filled. In order to understand the public's thoughts and attitudes regarding smart home devices, there is a dearth of research that includes a wide spectrum of people. While some studies concentrate on certain user groups, a greater study is required to provide a greater understanding of what's driving the adoption of smart homes. Second, while there is some discussion of the possible risks and hazards associated with smart homes, it is mostly focused on the advantages and benefits of them. Future studies should examine issues with confidentiality, safety, and data safety to make sure the benefits exceed their drawbacks. In addition, this research has been done on how values and beliefs affect the adoption of smart homes. To fully grasp how these variables affect people's acceptance of and utilization of smart home devices, more research is necessary.

Investigation of design difficulties and opportunities is also required, especially when considering gender-specific requirements (Sovacool et al. 2020). Gender-specific demands in linked homes have been noted, but further study is needed to guarantee inclusion.

Last but not least, a thorough study of the security flaws of IoT devices utilized in smart homes is lacking in the literature. To strengthen the confidentiality posture of these devices, a comprehensive investigation of possible threats and vulnerabilities is required. Filling up these gaps will offer useful information for enhancing the acceptance, creation, and use of the technology for smart homes.

2.2 Project Methodology

2.2.1 Research Design

There are two types of designs in which the design process of the system are quantitative research and qualitative research which do depend upon the whole analysis process. The quantitative research does provide a measurement-based output and the qualitative research provides an output based on the observation of the whole research process.

In this research paper, both the qualitative and quantitative analysis will be established by the analysis of Smart home technology. In this project, if the whole system will be working automatically or not will be observed, and also the efficiency, power consumption, and enhancement of the voice assistant will also be measured. In this way, both analyses will be performed. To observe the whole survey SPSS will be used.

2.2.2 Research Strategy

The strategy which will be useful to perform the research is widely dependent upon the philosophy of the research work. The research work is totally based on the positivism philosophy which indicates that smart home technology will be working in a convenient way whether the users will be getting a great experience or not. In the research, the secondary data has been used from the research strategy. Research strategy is all about the technique of the process to perform the whole research work by the team of researchers to have a proper output from their research work and to collect the data which is relevant to the project or the area of the research. A study on any topic can be consisting of multiple methods and strategies to get the expected output that is desired by performing the research. It gathers different data to perform different methods and to analyze a wide range of data to get the desired output.

2.2.3 Data Collection Method

The process of data collection of research outlines the resources that the process of getting relevant and useful data to perform the whole task in this research work. By depending on this, the whole analysis is being done. In this research work both primary and secondary data are used to get a relevant output. The primary data is basically the data that is being used to perform the survey analysis using SPSS. As primary data, the data from the smart home systems are being used. As the secondary data many references from the journals and google scholar, the data has been taken. From both types of data, the total analysis has been done.

2.2.4 Ethical Consideration

There are various ethical issues with smart home technologies that require to be addressed. As personal data is collected and processed by smart gadgets, privacy is a major problem. It is essential to protect this data and provide consent from users and control its use. Smart device security flaws might allow for unauthorized access and pose threats. Strong security measures and openness in data handling procedures are crucial. Smart device algorithms that are biased can produce unfair results. It is important to guarantee accountability and fairness in algorithmic decision-making. The risk of addiction, dependency, and isolation from society should also be kept an eye on, and responsible technology use should be encouraged to preserve human relationships and well-being.

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3. Conclusion

To conclude, there are a number of holes that need to be filled with research on smart home technology. These include the requirement for research involving a diverse range of people, further investigation of the probable risks and hazards connected to smart homes, comprehension of the role of opinions and principles in adoption, research into gender-specific requirements, and a thorough investigation of security vulnerabilities. Closing these gaps will aid in the creation of smart home solutions that are simple to use, secure, and comprehensive.

References

Journals

• Davis, B.D., Mason, J.C. and Anwar, M., 2020. Vulnerability studies and security postures of IoT devices: A smart home case study.IEEE Internet of Things Journal,7(10), pp.10102-10110.
• Ghorayeb, A., Comber, R. and Gooberman-Hill, R., 2021. Older adults' perspectives of smart home technology: Are we developing the technology that older people want?.International journal of human-computer studies,147, p.102571.
• Ji, W. and Chan, E.H., 2019. Critical factors influencing the adoption of smart home energy technology in China: A Guangdong province case study.Energies,12(21), p.4180.
• Marikyan, D., Papagiannidis, S. and Alamanos, E., 2019. A systematic review of the smart home literature: A user perspective.Technological Forecasting and Social Change,138, pp.139-154.
• Marikyan, D., Papagiannidis, S. and Alamanos, E., 2019. Smart home technology acceptance: An empirical investigation. InDigital Transformation for a Sustainable Society in the 21st Century: 18th IFIP WG 6.11 Conference on e-Business, e-Services, and e-Society, I3E 2019, Trondheim, Norway, September 18–20, 2019, Proceedings 18(pp. 305-315). Springer International Publishing.
• Marikyan, D., Papagiannidis, S. and Alamanos, E., 2021. “Smart home sweet smart home”: An examination of smart home acceptance.International Journal of E-Business Research (IJEBR),17(2), pp.1-23.
• Mohammad, Z.N., Farha, F., Abuassba, A.O., Yang, S. and Zhou, F., 2021. Access control and authorization in smart homes: A survey.Tsinghua Science and Technology,26(6), pp.906-917.
• Moyle, W., Murfield, J. and Lion, K., 2021. The effectiveness of smart home technologies to support the health outcomes of community-dwelling older adults living with dementia: A scoping review.International Journal of Medical Informatics,153, p.104513.
• Pujari, U., Patil, D.P., Bahadure, D.N. and Asnodkar, M., 2020, May. Internet of things based integrated smart home automation system. In2nd International Conference on Communication & Information Processing (ICCIP).
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• Sovacool, B.K. and Del Rio, D.D.F., 2020. Smart home technologies in Europe: A critical review of concepts, benefits, risks and policies.Renewable and sustainable energy reviews,120, p.109663.
• Strengers, Y., Kennedy, J., Arcari, P., Nicholls, L. and Gregg, M., 2019, May. Protection, productivity and pleasure in the smart home: Emerging expectations and gendered insights from Australian early adopters. InProceedings of the 2019 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems(pp. 1-13).
• Wang, J., Spicher, N., Warnecke, J.M., Haghi, M., Schwartze, J. and Deserno, T.M., 2021. Unobtrusive health monitoring in private spaces: The smart home.Sensors,21(3), p.864.
• Wei, N., Baharudin, A., Hussein, L.A. and Hilmi, M., 2019. Factors affecting user's intention to adopt smart home in Malaysia.
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• Geeng, C. and Roesner, F., 2019, May. Who's in control? Interactions in multi-user smart homes. InProceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems(pp. 1-13).