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Introduction of Effectiveness of Telehealth in Chronic Disease Management Assignment
Background to the study
The health care technologies have changed the management of chronic diseases. The new advanced expansion for mHealth is telehealth, which can offer care solutions other than the face-to-face meeting traditionally experienced. It heavily relies on the mobile device, along with telecommunications and internet-based platforms that enable a remote monitoring and education of the patients, clinical decision-making, and support (Taylor et al., 2022). This has, for most parts, resulted in putting a large spotlight on the need for such services, especially for chronic conditions like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases, when in-person health service access is constrained.
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The management of telehealth is strategic in chronic conditions because it promotes care for the patients in a non-distance, remote manner. Chronic diseases, by the way, often bestow unbearable healthcare and economic burdens on society. That is why telehealth is cost-effective and efficient as it bridges the distance between health care providers and patients to ensure care is continued and actions are timely (Donner et al., 2021). This article of health care seeks improved clinical outcomes and reduced burden of frequent hospital visits, particularly on symptoms and adherence to medicines.
The clinical question
What is the clinical issue being addressed with the systematic review? Does telehealth help to improve clinical outcomes and self-management in patients with chronic diseases more than traditional care? The literature review presents if the described interventions like SMS messages, wearable devices, and mobile phone applications for telehealth are at least as effective or more effective than usual care in chronic diseases.
The process used to identify the systematic review
The way clinical issue being addressed with the systematic review. The literature review presents if the described interventions like SMS messages, wearable devices, and mobile phone applications for telehealth are at least as effective or more effective than usual care in chronic diseases (Janjua et al., 2021). This review assesses outcomes including patient hospitalizations, deaths, symptom control, and quality of life among patients who have such diseases as CVD, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases.
Quality appraisal of the evidence
The systematic review of telehealth interventions indicated the overall benefits in the management of chronic diseases; most of these studies gave the maximum benefit when using mobile applications, wearable devices, and SMS messaging (Zhang et al., 2021). Results indicate improvements in symptom control, medication adherence, quality of life, and hospital readmissions and mortality. For instance, among patients with CVD, receiving their services by telemonitoring, even the most rudimentary assessment was considered better than standard care recipients.
Summary of the findings
The findings based on the systematic review are that telehealth interventions are inherent for the management of chronic disease with mainly applications of mobile apps, wearable devices, or SMS messaging. Based on the reviews, symptom control and medication adherence along with quality of life improvement and a decreased readmission rate and mortality score. For example, patients with CVD who received the service through telemonitoring fared well compared to those that were in the standard care group (Dhunnoo et al., 2024). For example, monitoring applications improved glycemic control in diabetes. The proof from telehealth about its promise comes at the same time as a review stressing that future studies on effectiveness and cost-effectiveness are needed before long-term effects can be confirmed.
A relevant tool for evidence translation
Another very crucial application of such translation is the mHealth application that can have real-time monitoring of symptoms, reminding patients for medication, and teaching them more about their health. Such devices could be employed by healthcare professionals in monitoring and gathering, provision of adequate feedback to the patient, and timely alerts regarding significant alterations in health metrics that could be transmitted through mobile applications connected to wearables like glucose monitoring systems. This integration provides timely interventions; it suppresses complications and therefore yields better results for the patient.
Appraisal of the evidence translation tool
This tool is quite effective for mobile health, as it enforces self-management since it equips the patient with tools to continuously monitor issues regarding health matters. However, how engaging the patient will be, the extent of involvement, and level of digital literacy will largely dictate its effectiveness (Ahmed Kamal et al., 2024). The article stipulated that though mHealth tools do improve outcomes there are still challenges ahead, such as access to technology and education of patients, in order to take the full benefits.
Script of translation of the systematic review evidence
Introduction to Mobile Health Technology (mHealth) and Chronic Disease Management
New healthcare technology, mHealth included, transformed management schemes in chronic diseases-cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and chronic respiratory disease, among others. What has come to be referred to as alternative methods of healthcare, outside the traditional human-to-human approach, has been the mobile device, telecommunications, and Internet through which telehealth takes place. These allow a patient's monitoring of his or her condition, adherence to treatment, and timely interventions by healthcare providers. Telehealth improves patient outcomes by facilitating continuous care, reducing hospital visits, and enhancing self-management, proving especially valuable when in-person care is limited or inaccessible.
Rationale for mHealth and Telehealth Interventions
The rationale for mHealth and telehealth interventions in chronic disease management is based on their ability to initiate care improvement for patients, reduce health care costs, and increase access to services. Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic respiratory conditions create a heavy economic burden and a healthcare burden for many patients and for society (Ferro et al., 2021). Telehealth offers cost-effective and efficient solutions since implementing remote monitoring of a population of patients, decision-making in the clinical context, and education form a link between providers of care and a patient.
These interventions reduce frequent visits to the hospital because of offering on-time remote care in the management of chronic disease, a situation that constantly demands monitoring and adherence to medication. Real-time health updates through mobile devices, wearable sensors, or SMS reminders mean telehealth keeps patients abreast of their treatment plans in a way that improves symptoms control, enhances adherence to medication intake, and improves quality of life.
There has been value in telehealth for services during the COVID-19 pandemic, for instance, in circumstances where face-to-face care is constrained, clearly underlining the role of telehealth in the delivery of uninterrupted care for chronic conditions.
Clinical Questions Addressed by the Systematic Review
The systematic review looked to establish whether interventions of telehealth improve upon clinical and self-management enhancements in the patients suffering from chronic diseases compared to traditional care. It measured the telehealth devices and technology like SMS messaging, wearable devices, and mobile applications especially to attempt to manage conditions like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases (Suarilah et al., 2024). It covered key clinical questions in relation to telehealth-like questions: whether the care with telehealth would improve the patient's outcomes in terms of symptom management, adherence to medications, quality of life, and decreases in hospitalizations and mortality, and whether these interventions are as effective or more effective than usual, face-to-face care.
Quality Appraisal of the Evidence
Evidence from the systematic review showed robust support in telehealth interventions in the management of chronic diseases. All studies documented in the review showed improvements in symptom control, medication adherence, and quality of life across the conditions of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases. Interventions that proved effective used tools like combining mobile apps and wearable devices with SMS messaging to reduce readmissions and mortality in hospital settings. It also differed in the type of study designs, sample size, and methodologies; hence, larger, well-conceived studies are needed to confirm whether indeed telehealth interventions are really effective as well as cost-effective in the long term.
Summary of Findings from the Systematic Review
Results of systematic reviews reveal that telehealth interventions effectively help in chronic disease management of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases. The primary outcomes of telehealth were control of symptoms, adherence to medication, and quality of life through mobile applications, wearable devices, and short message service messaging. Patients who received telehealth care had fewer rates of hospital readmission and mortality compared with those who received conventional care. For instance, telemonitoring clients with cardiovascular diseases had better targeting of the outcomes, while mobile applications improved glycemic control among diabetes patients.
Tools for Translating Evidence into Practice
Although promising results were found, the report mentioned that more research was required for determining long-term effectiveness and cost-effectiveness in ensuring telehealth could be fully enacted for chronic disease care at larger levels.
mHealth tools refer to applications and wearable devices in translating evidence into practice. They track patients in real-time, help the patients with their engagement, and help with the management of chronic diseases through the tracking of a large number of vital health metrics, reminding them to take medications, and showing health information. An example would be a glucose monitor that will send real-time data to mobile apps, thus enabling healthcare providers to follow up from remote locations and hence give timely intervention.
These applications also provide customized feedback and alerts about patient information in order to prevent complications from arising. Integrating such tools into every day treatment ensures more active and continuous management of chronic diseases that may, after all, lead to better outcomes and better self-management by the patients.
Appraisal of the Evidence Translation Tool
The appraisal of mHealth as an evidence translation tool comes to light, making it a very effective means for managing a person's self-management and improving outcomes in patients with chronic diseases. Mobile applications and wearable devices offer real-time monitoring, personalized feedback, and well-timed interventions, empowering patients to take control of their health (Groom et al., 2021). However, the success of these tools depends upon patient engagement, digital literacy, and access to technology. While mHealth has led to improved drug adherence, control of the symptoms, and also improvement in quality of life, several barriers to equitable access for the underserved subsist. Additionally, education on these patients by healthcare providers would be required so as to empower them fully to avail all the benefits of mHealth in chronic diseases.
Conclusion
Here mainly conclude that interventions with mHealth and telehealth systems hold promising assurance in chronic disease management. These generally improve patient outcomes, drug adherence, and ultimately quality of life. The results of these studies are promising but would require further research to ascertain long-term efficacy and cost-effectiveness. Mobile applications and wearable devices can also support patient empowerment beyond integration into routine care but will require overcoming access barriers and ensuring relevant levels of digital literacy in order fully to realize such benefits for chronic disease management.
Reference List
Journals
- Taylor, M.L., Thomas, E.E., Vitangcol, K., Marx, W., Campbell, K.L., Caffery, L.J., Haydon, H.M., Smith, A.C. and Kelly, J.T., 2022. Digital health experiences reported in chronic disease management: an umbrella review of qualitative studies. Journal of telemedicine and telecare, 28(10), pp.705-717. https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X221119620
- Donner, C.F., ZuWallack, R. and Nici, L., 2021. The role of telemedicine in extending and enhancing medical management of the patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Medicina, 57(7), p.726. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57070726
- Janjua, S., Carter, D., Threapleton, C.J., Prigmore, S. and Disler, R.T., 2021. Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (7). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013196.pub2
- Zhang, W., Cheng, B., Zhu, W., Huang, X. and Shen, C., 2021. Effect of telemedicine on quality of care in patients with coexisting hypertension and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Telemedicine and e-Health, 27(6), pp.603-614. https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2020.0122
- Dhunnoo, P., Kemp, B., McGuigan, K., Meskó, B., O’Rourke, V. and McCann, M., 2024. Evaluation of telemedicine consultations using health outcomes and user attitudes and experiences: scoping review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26, p.e53266. https://doi.org/10.2196/53266
- Ahmed Kamal, M., Ismail, Z., Shehata, I.M., Djirar, S., Talbot, N.C., Ahmadzadeh, S., Shekoohi, S., Cornett, E.M., Fox, C.J. and Kaye, A.D., 2023. Telemedicine, E-health, and multi-agent systems for chronic pain management. Clinics and Practice, 13(2), pp.470-482. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract13020042
- Ferro, F., Tozzi, A.E., Erba, I., Dall’Oglio, I., Campana, A., Cecchetti, C., Geremia, C., Rega, M.L., Tontini, G., Tiozzo, E. and Gawronski, O., 2021. Impact of telemedicine on health outcomes in children with medical complexity: an integrative review. European journal of pediatrics, 180(8), pp.2389-2400. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-021-04164-2
- Suarilah, I., Zulkarnain, H., Saragih, I.D. and Lee, B.O., 2024. Effectiveness of telehealth interventions among traumatic brain injury survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of telemedicine and telecare, 30(5), pp.781-794. https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X221102264
- Groom, L.L., McCarthy, M.M., Stimpfel, A.W. and Brody, A.A., 2021. Telemedicine and telehealth in nursing homes: an integrative review. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 22(9), pp.1784-1801. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2021.02.037
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