Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Business in the Digital Era Assignment Sample

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 Background

Artificial intelligence is defined as a computer system which is capable of undertaking all the complex tasks which human beings only do. In the current competitive environment, machines have been developed in such a manner that all the work which a human being performs can be done by the machine as well. It includes work like reasoning, making decisions, solving any kind of problem and other related aspects. The use of artificial intelligence is done in many different manners. For the successful working of the companies, the appropriate use of artificial intelligence must be made so that the overall working can be improved. Within the retail sector of the UK, the use of artificial intelligence is very necessary. The reason behind this fact is that the use of artificial intelligence includes making the work easier and as a result of this the overall work is improved for the company. Furthermore, in the supply chain, the use of artificial intelligence must be implemented. The supply chain is defined as the process through which the raw material reaches the area of production. For the effective production of the goods and services, it is necessary for the company that the raw material is provided on time. In case the raw material will not be made available on time then the production will not take place effectively. Hence it is necessary for the business they effectively use artificial intelligence within the supply chain management so that the overall working can be improved. The current dissertation will outline the evaluation of the impact of AI on the supply chain management and the overall performance of the business.

1.2 Aim and objectives

Aim

To assess the impact of the use of AI on the supply chain management of the company with regards to the UK retail sector.

Objectives

To develop an understanding relating to the concept of AI and supply chain management. To examine the different AI strategies which are used by the retail sector for managing the supply chain management. To critically evaluate the positive and negative impact of AI strategies on the supply chain and performance of retail companies. To recommend some of the strategies for improving the application of AI in the business.

Research questions

What is the understanding relating to AI and supply chain management? What are the various AI strategies used for managing the supply chain in the retail sector? What are the positive and negative impacts of complying with the AI strategies? What are some of the recommendations for improving the application of AI on the business and its performance?

1.3 Significance of research topic

In the current competitive environment, compliance with effective technology is very necessary. Hence, all the companies they must complain with all the latest technology. With regards to supply chain the use of artificial intelligence is very important. Thus, the significance of the current topic is that it will assist retail companies that how they can effectively use artificial intelligence in supply chain management. When artificial intelligence is implemented in the supply chain then it will be helpful in the effective completion of the production and increase in the sales. The current study is also of significance to the other researchers who are conducting the study on similar topics.

1.4 Rationale of the topic of research

Artificial intelligence is referred to as the making the Machines and such manners are they can perform human tasks. Within the current competitive environment use of technology is increasing and companies must use the latest technology. The reason for selecting the current topic is to increase the knowledge relating to the use of artificial intelligence in supply chain management. For managing the supply the use of artificial intelligence is very necessary and the present study will enhance the knowledge of implementation of AI into the supply chain. Moreover, the present study will also help the researcher and the retail companies to increase the knowledge relating to the impact AI creates on the overall business. Furthermore, it will also assist the companies in analysing the fact that which kind of strategies are beneficial for the success of the business and improving the management of the overall performance of the companies.

1.5 Dissertation structure

Chapter 1: Introduction

Introduction is the first chapter of the dissertation which lay foundation for the whole study. It provides the overview of the topic of the research and the related aim and objective. Moreover, it will also outline the importance of the topic of research and the reason for selecting it.

Chapter 2: Literature Review

The literature reviews the next chapter which includes the overall theoretical aspects and the view of different authors and Scholars relating to the topic of research. It assists the researcher in developing a strong base for doing the data analysis section.

Chapter 3: Research Methodology

The RM chapter is the one which includes a list of all the selected methodologies that will be used in the current dissertation. It will outline the various methods like type of research, approach, philosophy, data collection methods, data analysis method and many other different related aspects to the research methodology.

Chapter 4: Data Analysis

The data analysis section is the fourth chapter of the current dissertation. It outlines the evaluation of the data collected with the help of the research methodology. It will outline the appropriate use of different data analysis techniques and the collected data will be evaluated.

Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations

This is the last chapter which is the conclusion and recommendation wherein the findings are concluded. The summary of the whole dissertation is provided in this particular section and some recommendations for improving the study are also provided to improve the research in the future.

Chapter Two: Literature Review Help

2.1 Introduction

Literature review (LR) is defined as part of academic writing which represents the understanding and knowledge of academic literature on a particular topic placed in the context. In every research, LR is significant because it offers an interpretation of accessible literature and helps in measuring the influence of latest information. Apart from this, the LR will be based on the impact of use of AI on the supply chain management (SCM) of the business. Apart from this, the LR will highlight concept of AI and SCM. This LR will also confer different types of AI strategies and its massive impact on the SCM and performance of business.

2.2 Concept of AI and supply chain management

AI is a computer- implemented knowledge created by the computer programmers to mimic the human intelligence. It is a one of the significant type of computer science that majorly focuses on designing the machines which are capable of performing the tasks that are generally connected with the human intelligence such as making informed decisions and responses as well as adaptive learning. As per the view of (Enholm, , et al., 2022), the major goals of AI are replicate the human intelligence, intelligent connection of action and perception and solve knowledge intensive tasks. AI includes computers that conduct all the tasks which are done by the individual such as image recognition, natural language processing, translation and other types of decisions. In today’s world, technology is developing very fast so all the companies are looking towards use of AI in order to reduce repetitive tasks and improve the overall performance and effectiveness (Loureiro, et al., 2021).

In addition, reactive machines, theory of mind, limited memory, self-awareness, artificial narrow intelligence are the significant types of AI. Adaption of AI is beneficial for the organizations because it helps in increase efficiency and saving the costs. According to (Sestino & De Mauro, 2022), efficiency is one of the biggest benefits of AI to the organizations. This technology assists the business to complete all the tasks more precisely and quickly in comparison to human which ultimately increase the efficiency and productivity (Pallathadka, et al., 2023). In the context of manufacturing, AI-driven robots work with the humans to influence the additional work capability. As critically argued by (Kitsios & Kamariotou, 2021), AI is increase the human laziness which ultimately negatively impacts their performance and productivity of business. Increase the accessibility of digital assistant and automation in tasks tend to increase the dependency on machines which results in increase the human laziness.

As critically contended by (Soni, et al., 2020), AI helps the business to handle the big data in effective manner. This technology can make a sense and process of big data in very less time because it speedily captures the data. AI also facilitates the faster decision-making with the continuous availability. Al with various technologies facilitates machine to bring prediction and consolidated information to help in faster decision-making. On the critical note, (Bharadiya, 2023), initial set-up for this technology requires huge investment because organization has to invest in AI framework consisting of latest software and hardware. Along with this, Ai helps in improving the workflows and processes. Organizations strive to find methods to work more effectively, increase productivity and revenues. AI helps in developing the workflows of human in effective way (Enholm, , et al., 2022). AI also facilitates automation of daily tasks in diverse area of data collection, software testing, invoice generation etc. However (Attaran, 2020, July) AI systems are not process the human emotions and feel them so it is difficult for the companies to incorporate ethics and morality into the system.

Apart from this, SCM is the management of movement of products, finance and data related to goods and services from the procurement to deliver at its final destination. A supply chain includes network of companies and suppliers that move a goods from the raw material to finished product. As said by (Zhang, et al., 2021), having an effective SCM is beneficial for the organizations because it helps in coordinating all the activities that are vital to manufacture and provide products and service to the customers. Effective SCM ensures timely movement of goods from the origin to their delivery. SCM is also called as logistic management and it includes significant elements such as planning, development, delivery, manufacturing and returns. In current times, most of companies are put emphasis on the supply chain because it helps in improving the efficiencies and boost the profit margins.

As critically opinion by (Zekhnini, et al., 2020), having an effective supply chain is beneficial for business because it helps in respond enthusiastically to economic shocks and market disruptions. Well –established supply chain helps the organizations to react to the issues faster and sustain their production. Along with this, proper management of supply chain is advantageous for the business because it helps in attaining cost efficiency (Wieland, 2021). The key aim of effective SM is to optimize all the process which aids in reduce packaging costs, production costs, warehousing and transportation as well as eliminate the wastage of goods by facilitating delivery on time. On the contrary (Sodhi & Tang, 2021),the key limitation of SM is that it is quite costly to adapt. For the management of supply chain require huge investment in the context of money, time and other resources. It helps in avoiding the delay in the process which helps increase the manufacturing and sales of goods. Supply chain manager make sure that all the materials are attained for enabling continuous manufacturing of products. Proper supply chain facilitates organization to consider the issue that have negative impact on the reputation and profitability of the business.

Furthermore, managers can easily track the performance of each and every department and determine which one is lacking in delivering the products and services. As critiqued by (Mastos, et al., 2021), efficient SCM is requiring trained and qualified human resources for its effective implementation. In addition, organization needs to incur huge expenses on the hiring qualified and skilled talent to manage the supply chain effectively. For example, it is crucial for Sainsbury to have effective SCM because it assist in bring the better collaboration among the diverse parties which ultimately positively impacts the profitability and productivity (Helo & Hao, 2022.).

2.2 Different types of AI strategies

AI strategy describes a vision of the business for how AI will be employed to assist in order to achieve the goals and objectives. AI strategy is closely associated with the data strategy. AI strategy offers a roadmap for implementing the AI priorities in the business. The organizations implement several types of AI strategies in order to manage the supply chain effectively. As per the view of (Attaran, 2020, July), AI strategy is consist of product level, business-unit-level, organizational level and AI startup strategy. Product level is one of the significant AI strategies that are used by the organizations to manage their supply chain effectively. At this level the company has foundational building blocks to make sure than AI projects can growth from an idea to valuable tool to create the meaningful outcomes. In addition, product level strategy includes various elements such as problem definition, data, deployment, testing, ethics and personnel (Kitsios & Kamariotou, 2021).

To manage the supply chain efficiently, the companies are also use demand forecasting models. In current business environment, maintaining the optimum level of stock is significant in order to eliminate the surplus inventory and out-of-stock crisis (Sestino & De Mauro, 2022). The AI algorithms leveraging marketing trends, historical data and external elements are play an immersive role in forecasting the future demand correctly. On the other hand, critiqued by (Bharadiya, 2023), if the organization is not predicting the demand of products in the future then it is unable to manage the supply chain effectively then it ultimately negative impact on the overall productivity, sales and profitability.

Another type of AI strategy is business unit level and in this it is crucial to make sure that the business are following the AI opportunities that helps in improve its decision making process and boost productivity. As critically opinion by (Reim, et al., 2020), adaption of business unit level AI strategy is beneficial for the business because it helps in develop the baseline performance and generate the high quality data which ultimately positively impacts the potential of supply chain (Wang, et al., 2022). The current prediction for supply chain internationally is complicated so it is vital for the manufacturers to have total visibility of whole supply chain. According to (Loureiro, et al., 2021), AI powered system provide the real-time insights into the whole supply chain which helps in facilitates quick reaction to disruptions and improve transparency. The heightened visibility helps in determination of inefficiencies and bottlenecks which promote the more responsive and agile supply chain.

Moreover, to manage the supply chain effectively the companies are also integrating the business planning. The supply chain managers face challenges to fully optimize the supply chain because they are not able to see in real time and perceive variances in expanded portfolio of products. As critically viewed by (Sestino & De Mauro, 2022), adoption of AI algorithms is beneficial for the business because it helps in minimizing costs, optimize transportation routes and reduce the environmental impact which ultimately positively impacts the supply chain management.

Another type of AI strategy is organizational level and this type is all about getting the business whole ready and prepared for AI (Pallathadka, et al., 2023). Implementation of AI strategies is beneficial for the organizations because it helps in improve data analytics. As per the view of (Kitsios & Kamariotou, 2021), AI programs help the business to uncover hidden trends, patterns and relationships which are impossible to understand. AI helps in improve data analytics by simplifying the complicated data from which they can manage the supply chain effectively. On the critical note (Soni, et al., 2020), adoption of artificial intelligence is beneficial for the organization because it helps in provide customer insights. By executing AI strategy, an organization can determine the patterns of the products which are most likely by the customers to purchase. With the help of AI tools, the companies segment their audience into the particular groups and tailor the marketing strategies effectively which ultimately positively impacts the supply chain (Bharadiya, 2023).

AI helps in forecast the demand and also ensure the optimization of stock level which results in enhance the effectiveness of the supply chain. As critically argued by (Zhang, et al., 2021) AI strategy evaluates the weather forecasts, traffic patterns and geographical events in order to optimize the delivery routes which helps in optimizing the supply chain. Execution of AI strategy is useful for the business because it helps in enhance the decision-making which helps in gaining the competitive advantage over the competitors. If the organization has effective supply chain management then it helps in increase efficiency, improve performance and increase the productivity which directly effects the overall operation and effectiveness. However, equipped with the AI the business can be proactive instead of reactive in the effective decision-making (Zekhnini, et al., 2020). AI strategy assists the business in redressing the challenges when it is still in its infancy by making data-driven and correct decisions. Effective AI strategy helps the business in monitoring the ethical and compliance. AI aids in track the changes in laws ensuring organizations implement in real-time. By incorporating the AI with the business process, the unnerving task of ensuring regulatory and ethical compliance becomes more manageable. Along with this, by integrating the AI with the strategy process the organization can put emphasis on the improvement and expansion of the business operations which ultimately positively impacts the SCM.

2.3 Impact of AI strategies on supply chain and performance of business

The companies are implementing wide range of AI strategies in order to manage the supply chain effectively. AI strategies have an immersive impact on the supply chain and performance of the business both positively and negatively. As critically said by (Wieland, 2021), AI strategies are plays crucial role in enhancing the accuracy and precision. It can evaluate the large amount of real-time and historical data which facilitating precise demand forecasting (Kitsios & Kamariotou, 2021). By determining the trends, patterns and seasonality AI strategies helps in generate reliable predictions, minimizing forecasting errors and improving the inventory management which positively impacts the supply chain and performance. As critically argued by (Sestino & De Mauro, 2022), AI strategies heavily based on reliable and accurate data, Ensuring quality of data and incorporating the data from numerous sources can be time-consuming and complex. Inaccurate and incomplete data can lead to damaged forecasts and compromised decision-making which ultimately negatively impacts the SCM.

In addition, AI can automated the decision making from which they take make the effective decisions regarding delivery of products within time frame that ultimately positively impacts the positively impacts the SCM. According to (Bharadiya, 2023), AI can automate the process of decision-making process in the forecasting of supply chain and freeing up time for the professionals of supply chain to put emphasis on strategic initiatives. By automating the regular tasks, AI strategies facilitates more efficient and faster decision-making, minimize human errors and improving the overall productivity which ultimately positively impacts the performance of business (Reim, et al., 2020). For example, Sainsbury also integrate AI to diversify the product portfolio, enhance operational efficiency and customers experience as well as effectiveness of supply chain which ultimately positively impacts its performance. However, (Wang, et al., 2022), due to high integration and implementation costs of AI the company face difficulty in managing the supply chain which negatively impacts the overall performance and efficiency.

With AI-powered forecasting, organizations can develop more responsive and agile supply chain plans. AI algorithms can speedily evaluate the data and generate the prediction as well as allowing company to rapidly adapt to customer demands, market changes and supply disruptions which positively affect tthe supply chain and performance of the business. On the other hand, implementation of AI strategies requires a shift in the organizational culture and mindset. It is crucial for the organization to provide training to its employees regarding implementing the AI strategies from which they are capable to data-driven decision making regarding supply chain and others (Rathor, 2023). On the critical notes, AI-powered predictive maintenance costs can gauge the performance of equipment and forecast when a failure is probable to happen. This facilitates organizations to plan maintenance proactively, increasing the lifespan of equipment, reduce downtime and minimize the operational costs which ultimately positively impact the overall SCM and performance. According to (Modgil, et al., 2022), AI strategies can determine the correlations and patterns in complicated network of supply chain, facilitates business to optimize its transportation modes, optimize routes and distribution strategies, This results in decreased carbon emission, reduce transportation costs and enhance overall efficiency which positively impacts the optimization of supply chain and performance of business (Toorajipour, et al., 2021).

Apart from this, AI impacts positively impacts the supply chain and overall performance of the business. AI can minimize the operational costs by evaluating data and identifying which actions are crucial. It assists the organizations to automate the process that will otherwise need human input (Riahi, et al., 2021). AI in the supply chain permits organizations to save money to recruiting workforces while still accomplish the business goals and objectives. As critically opposed by (Belhadi, et al., 2021),the use of AI in the SCM includes gathering and processing the sensitive information which increases issues about the data privacy and security which ultimately negatively impacts the overall SCM and performance of company. It is vital for the organization to follow regulations related to data protection and adapt robust security measures in order to protect the sensitive information. Adaptation of AI strategies is beneficial for the company because it helps in enhance the customer service by increasing the effectiveness of supply chain. It helps improve customer experience by offering the real-time information about shipments and redressing customer issues more speedily.

AI strategies can help the companies to become more agile by facilitating them to react more speedily to the fluctuations in the demand and supply which increase the efficiency of supply chain and performance of the business (Helo & Hao, 2022.). In current business environment, most of companies are use AI in order to manage the supply chain and enhance the performance of business.AI strategies provide increased visibility to help organizations in monitoring the supply chain’s sustainability. As critically opinion by (Attaran, 2020, July), AI algorithms can be utilized to track the whole supply chain of finished product involving the origin of each element. The traceability and transparency level aids the organizations to determine the potential sustainability weak spots in the supply chain, promoting action and raising the awareness. By leveraging the AI powered strategies business can enhance the sustainability as well as gain the competitive advantage which ultimately positively impacts on the supply chain and performance of the business (Wieland, 2021).

2.4 Conclusion

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From the above literature review it has been summarized that, AI is one of the type of computer science that mainly put emphasis on the framing the machines which are competent to perform the tasks which are associated with the people. On the other hand, SCM is administration of flow of finance, goods and data relevant to products and services from the procurement to end point. AI plays a crucial role in SCM because it helps in improving predictive analytics, optimizing inventory management, enhance supply chain visibility and efficient route optimization and logistics which ultimately positively impacts the overall performance. To manage the supply chain effectively the company implements various type of AI strategies such as product level, business-unit level AI startup strategy and organizational level. Apart from this, AI strategies have massive impact on the supply chain and overall performance of the business both negatively and positively. AI strategies helps the organizations in demand forecasting, optimization supply chain and improve the decisions making. On the other hand implementation of AI for managing the supply chain is costly and time-consuming process for the business.

Chapter three: Research Methodology

3.1 Introduction

The research methods are defined as the various process, techniques and strategies that are used by the researcher for collecting the data and analysing it for the attainment of the objectives. For making the study successful all the methods of research must be appropriately selected so that the overall objectives can be attained well. The present chapter will outline the different types of methods which are assistive to make the study well. It will include deciding on the different methods, approaches, philosophies, data collection and analysis methods. Also, it will outline the evaluation of the various ethical considerations that need to be considered along with the limitations and reliability and validity of the data.

3.2 Research type

Research type is defined as the way or the process which is used for attaining the objectives of the study. The type of research can be of two different ways that include qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative study includes undertaking the use of all the non-numeric information relating to the topic of the research. On the other hand, quantitative research is the one that includes the overall use of only quantitative information facts and figures relating to the topic of the research. For making the study successful the type of researcher must be selected appropriately so that the overall objectives can be attained well (Newman & Gough, 2020). To evaluate the impact of artificial intelligence on the performance of the business in the digital era the use of qualitative study is undertaken. The qualitative study is used in the present study because it will help the researcher evaluate the theoretical concepts and descriptive knowledge relating to the topic of the research which is artificial intelligence. Moreover, the current study will also help in evaluating the various strategies that can be used by businesses to manage the supply chain of the companies. Moreover, it will provide the overall view of the whole UK Retail Industry and will help the companies in deciding on AI-related strategies to manage their supply chain. Furthermore, the use of qualitative study is that it will create a better base for the researcher in managing the study and attaining the objectives well.

3.3 Research approach

The approach relating to the research is defined as the whole process based on which any kind of method of research is selected. There are different kinds of methods which can be implemented into the study. Selecting the most appropriate type of method is dependent on the approach of the research. In general, two different kinds of approaches are Inductive and deductive. The former relates to the approach which includes setting up different aims and objectives for the study and the latter includes the use of framing of hypothesis relating to the study topic (Ocaña-Fernández & Fuster-Guillén, 2021). For the success of the study, the appropriate research approach must be used so that the overall objectives can be accomplished. For evaluating the impact of artificial intelligence on the supply chain of the retail sector the use of inductive approach is made. It is particularly selected by the researcher because it will help the researcher in setting up of aim and objectives which will effectively guide the study. It will provide a path to the researcher on how the overall aim and objectives of the study can be accomplished. Selecting the appropriate approach for the research is very necessary as the whole success of the research is dependent on it only. When the appropriate approach is selected then automatically it will enhance the overall working of the study and will assist the company in managing the work better. Along with this another benefit of using the inductive approach is that it will help the researcher in developing the overall working of the study.

3.4 Research Philosophy

The philosophy of the research is defined as the assumptions and the knowledge relating to the research study. For making the study successful the philosophy must be decided appropriately so that the objectives of the study can be attained well. Interpretivism and positivism are the two different types of philosophy which can be used by the researcher to accomplish the objectives of the study well. Interpretivism is the one which relates to making observations and applying the existing theories to attain the objectives of the study well. Against this, the positivism theory is the one which will include the using the only factual information relating to the study. In case the philosophy used will be appropriate then it will assist the researcher in making the study well (Zhou, et al., 2022). Hence for the analysis of the artificial intelligence and its impact over the business and supply chain, the use of interpretivism philosophy is implemented. The reason underlying the selection of interpretivism philosophy is that it helps the researcher in analysing the existing theories and comply it with the current research topic. These theories are evaluated to reach some conclusions and try to prove the objectives of the study correct. On the other hand, the positivism theory is not implemented because it is not suitable in case of qualitative study. For the qualitative study use of interpretivism philosophy is only beneficial and as a result of this it is particularly selected in attaining the objective of the current dissertation.

3.5 Data Collection

For the success of the study is very necessary that the data is collected from the appropriate sources. In case the data collected is not appropriate then it will be affecting the overall evaluation of the date of. Hence, it is mandatory for the researcher that they must effectively gather the data from the authentic sources. For collecting the data relating to the research there are two different sources which includes primary and secondary source. The primary is the one which includes gathering the first-hand information relating to the topic of the research. On the other hand, the secondary research is the one which includes the use of data that is collected from already published sources. It includes collecting data from books and journals, articles relating to the topic of the research. To evaluate the impact of the artificial intelligence on the business and its performance the compliance with the secondary data is implemented (Al-Ababneh, 2020). The secondary data is selected because it provides a very wide range of data and it is very authentic. It is authentic due to the reason that it is already being used in many different researches and for other purposes. Thus, for the evaluation of the topic of the research the different books, articles, other published data, journals and other government websites is used to gather the data relating to the topic of the research. The secondary source is particularly focused by the scholar as it is cheap and will be less time consuming as compared to the primary source of data collection.

3.6 Data Analysis

After the collection of the data the most essential aspect is to evaluate the data in appropriate manners so that the overall objective can be attained. For the analysis of the data there are two different kinds of methods which include the use of SPSS and another includes use of thematic analysis. The thematic analysis is the one which includes creating different themes relating to the objectives of the study and evaluating the data collected. On the other hand, the use of SPSS includes evaluation of the numeric data by applying the different statistical tools over it. For the analysis of the artificial intelligence and its impact over the supply chain and overall performance of the business the use of thematic analysis is implemented. The thematic analysis is used by the researchers because it helps the scholar in evaluating all the theoretical data easily and effectively with help of different themes (Budianto, 2020). Within this type of data different themes based on the objectives are prepared and all the gathered data is used in order to evaluate it. Furthermore, the different themes created are being supported by the views of different authors which make the study more reliable and authenticated. Hence, the use of thematic analysis is helpful to the researcher in evaluating and examining the data more effectively.

3.7 Research limitation

While conducting the study there is different kind of limitations which the researcher has to face for the successful completion of the study. To analyse the impact of artificial intelligence over the supply chain and the overall business performance the major limitation faced by the researcher was the limited time. The time duration provided for the completion of the study was very limited. But with good and effective time management skills the researcher was in a position to complete the objectives on time. Hence, it assisted the researcher in attaining the objectives before time and there was some more time to review the whole dissertation effectively. In addition to this another limitation which was faced by the researcher was less resources (Delios, et al., 2023). The resources within the external environment are very scarce and the users are many. Hence, this creates issue while conducting the study as all the people is using the limited resources. Thus, it creates major problem for the successful completion of the study. But then also the researcher with good allocations skills assigned the limited resources to each and every activity of the research. Hence, as a result of this every activity of the research was having the required resources. Ultimately, it resulted in successful accomplishment of the objectives of the current study which is impact of artificial intelligence over business performance.

3.8 Ethical consideration

To conduct the study appropriately it is very necessary that the researcher includes all the ethical aspects into the study. The reason behind the fact is that when the study will not be ethical then it will be affecting the overall success of the study. The objectives will not be accomplished in proper and effective manner in case the ethical study is not conducted. For the analysis of the impact of artificial intelligence on the supply chain and the overall business the most common ethical aspect is to use the data from the copyright sources only. In case the data is collected from random sources then the data collected will not be appropriate. Moreover, it is necessary for the researcher that they must use the website and sources which are official and are having a particular copyright over it (Dodds & Hess, 2020). In case the patent, trademark or any other copyright is not present over the website then it must not be selected for gathering the data. Further, another ethical consideration which needs to be taken care by the researcher includes the maintaining of the confidentially of the data. Sometimes the personal information and data is present within the websites. Thus, it is it responsibility of the researcher that they must maintain the confidentially and does not reveal the sources at that particular time. This will ensure that the researcher is taking proper care of the various sources and websites from which the data is collected and no other personal information is the shared within the study. Furthermore, another ethical aspect that is considered for evaluating the impact of artificial intelligence on the supply chain is that all the References and citations must be provided within the study. This is particularly necessary because providing the reference ensures that credit is being given to the website from which the data is being used. Thus, for making the research successful it is the responsibility of the researcher that they must include the proper reference to the article which is used and it must be sighted where the data is written.

3.9 Reliability and validity

For the success of the study it is very necessary that the reliability and validity is maintained. In case the research will not be reliable and valid then the intended outcome will not be achieved. Thus, for making the study successful it is very necessary that all the reliable and valid information is used within the study. For maintaining the reliability and validity in the present case of evaluation of impact of artificial intelligence on business performance the keyword searching is implemented. The reason for keyword searching is that it assists in finding more accurate and precise information and data relating to the study. The keyword searching includes searching with using particular keywords relating to aim and objectives of the study (Dzwigol, 2022). In the present case the keyword includes artificial intelligence, supply chain management, business performance, profitability and many other different keywords. Along with this, for the maintenance of reliability and validity too old data is not used within the study. Only the data after 2020 is being implemented in the current study. This is particularly undertaken because when the older data is used then automatically the research will not be appropriate. Thus, for this reason the data after 2020 used for making the research authentic and successful.

3.10 Conclusion

In the end, it is concluded that research methodology is defined as the ways through which the research is conducted. It is particularly necessary for the researcher that they must effectively try to decide all the research methods so that the overall objective can be easily attained. To evaluate the current research topic of analysing the impact of artificial intelligence over the supply chain and the overall performance of the business the use of qualitative study was made. The reason for selecting qualitative study was that it is helpful in managing the non numeric information and trying to improve the overall working and attain the objectives. The above chapter concluded that the use of interpretivism and inductive approach was helpful in accomplishing the objectives easily and effectively. Also it analysed that the data collection was undertaken by the secondary sources only as it provides more authentic information. In the end, it was evaluated the thematic analysis is used for analysing the collected data and the major limitation faced by the researcher was limited time and resources.

Chapter Four: Data Analysis And Findings

Theme 1: Concept of AI and supply chain management

With the findings, it was evaluated that the effective compliance with artificial intelligence is required. The reason underlying the fact is that when the artificial intelligence is used by the businesses then it will be enhancing the overall efficiency of the business in better and effective way. The AI is referred to as the technology wherein the computers are trained in such a manner that it will be working similarly to human brain (Rathor, 2023). Hence, it is very necessary for the companies that they effectively comply with the latest technology. Specifically with regards to the latest technology, it is very necessary for the company that they use all the latest technology so that the overall working can be improved and work can be managed effectively. When the work is implemented in accordance to all the latest technology then it is accomplished in more effective and efficient manner.

In the views of (Oosthuizen, et al., 2021) AI is very necessary for the success of the company and is also beneficial for the retail companies. It helps the business in taking the decisions relating to inventory management, supply chain and other related aspect well. When the company will be in a position to use the technology well then it will be enhancing the profitability of the business in better manner. Thus, it will be assisting the company in managing its performance and try to face the intense competition well. When the overall working will be managed by the business then it will be helping the company in increasing their sales and as a result of this the overall working efficiency will be improved. For instance, for Tesco, when they will be working in according with the latest AI tools for supply chain management then it will be helping the business in managing the overall working. Also, when the other technology will be implemented then automatically the overall performance will be improved and will be in a position to face the competition well.

With the evaluation of the chart it is clear that the food and grocery industry is trying to undertake the use of the AI into practice. This is implemented by the retail companies as currently AI is trending and in case they will not be undertaking the use of current practices then it will be affecting the overall efficiency of the business

Further the findings highlighted that the supply chain management is defined as the managing of flow of goods from the procurement of raw materials till the finished goods is made available to the consumer. It includes the overall process through which the raw material is converted into finished goods and the way it is delivered to the consumers. Also, for the success of the company it is necessary that the supply chain is managed appropriately so that overall working is improved. For making the business successful it is necessary that the overall supply chain is managed well so that the overall working can be improved. When the supply chain will not be managed on time then it will be affecting the overall working of the business to a great extent. For the successful working it is necessary that the overall management of the supply is done appropriately so that the working can be managed effectively.

With the views of (Modgil, et al., 2022) management of the supply chain is very necessary as it will be assisting the company in keeping its operations well managed. With regards to the supply chain management it is necessary that the overall business is managed so that the profitability of the company can be managed well. When every work is managed well then it will be assisting the business in improving the profitability in better and effective manner. Thus, the overall working is improved with help of technology. It is because of the reason that when the good technology is used then it will be resulting in development of the business in better and much better manner. The reason underlying the fact is that when the latest technology relating to the supply chain will be used then automatically it will be enhancing the overall working of the company and the profitability will be managed well.

Moreover, the findings highlighted that using the AI and other related technology creates a positive impact on the overall business. Whether be it any function of business, supply chain, marketing, human resource, research and development or any other department, the use of technology improves the working efficiency. It is due to the reason that when the overall department will be making the use of AI and other related technology then it will be enhancing the whole working of the business (Sestino & De Mauro, 2022). Thus, it will be improving the overall development of the business and as a result of this the working efficiency of every department will enhance. With regards to this, it is necessary that the supply chain and inventory management particularly implement the AI related technology. The reason underlying the fact is that when the latest technology will be implemented then it will be enhancing and shaping the supply chain which will result in effective production. Further, when the production will be done appropriately then it will be increasing the sales of the business in appropriate manner.

Theme 2: Different types of the AI strategies

With the findings it was analysed that the use of AI is very necessary for the success of the company. In case the AI strategies will not be used properly then it will be affecting the overall development of the business. The use of these AI strategies will be resulting in the better and effective working. The findings stated that the most common AI strategies which the retail companies comply with is the demand forecasting tools and techniques. For the effective management of the supply chain it is necessary that the appropriate demand is forecasted. In case there will be issue on the demand forecasting then it will be negatively affecting the working of the company (Enholm, , et al., 2022). The reason underlying the fact is that when the demand will be correctly forecasted then it will be providing a better base to the company to decide for the supply chain and the production. In case the overall production will be managed then it will be improving the overall working efficiency of the business. Thus, with help of AI, the retail companies such as Morrison and Sainsbury uses the demand forecasting methods and predict the future demand. Thereafter, according to the forecasted demand, the supply chain is managed accordingly and as a result of this the overall working will be improved.

With the analysis, it is clear that there are many different types of the AI strategies used by the retail companies. These includes strategies like demand forecasting, cashier less technology, supply chain, inventory management and many other different types of the strategies which are assistive to the company in managing the work in better and effective manner. All these AI related strategies are assistive to the business in increasing the profits and sales of the business.

In support of this, (Cadden, et al., 2022) stated that when the AI and other AI driven technology will be used in appropriate manner then it will be guiding the company in managing the performance better. In case the performance of the company will not be managed properly then it will be affecting the overall working efficiency of the business. Thus, it is mandatory for the companies operating in retail sector that they must try to predict the future working well with help of the various demand forecasting tools. Also, when Sainsbury is using these demand forecasting tools then it will be guiding the company in improving the overall working efficiency and as a result of this the profitability and competitiveness of the company will enhance.

Further, the findings stated that the working at product level and the business unit level is also another type of the AI strategy which is used by the company in better and effective way. The business takes particular decisions at the product and unit level so that the overall working can be improved. Thus, these decisions can be backed up by the use of AI and other related technology. In case these tools and techniques are not used to take the decision then it will be affecting the efficiency of the business to a great extent. When the overall decisions are taken by the business then it will be assisting the company in taking accurate and proper decision which will help the business in managing the business better.

For instance, Argos is the company which particularly relates with the use of AI and as a result of this the overall working will be improved. The reason underlying the fact is that when at the product level the decisions will be made appropriately then it will be increasing the working of the company (Loureiro, et al., 2021). For this Argos make use of AI tools to take effective decision so that the overall working and production of the company can be improved. When the production will be improved well then automatically it will be enhancing the working capability of the business.

In addition to this, the use of AI is implemented within the effective supply chain management as well. For this example of Ocado group is evaluated which is a tech and grocery conglomerate integrating the use of AI into customer journey and personalization. For this, the Ocado has invested much in AI driven robots for making the work much easier for both the company and the consumers as well. It is particularly beneficial for Ocado as the use of robot will be assisting the consumers in getting the things which they require. Moreover, the use of robotics will also help the company in managing all the inventory and the supply chain in better and effective way and will be attracting more of the consumers towards the working of the business.

With this it is clear that the Ocado group is using the use of AI-driven robots for the grocery packing and this is assistive to the company in managing the work in better and effective way. Thus, as a result of this the overall working will be managed on time and the work will be done in better and effective manner.

Along with the fashion retailers are also undertaking the use of AI to a great extent. The reason underlying the fact is that when the overall working is improved then automatically the performance of the company will increase and as a result of this the profitability of business will enhance. With regards to this Marks and Spencer is a company which also implements the use of AI and for this they provide the facility of virtual fitting room. This is a type of AI tool wherein the consumers are provided the opportunity to look themselves in the dress which they wish to buy. Thus, it is necessary for the company that they must effectively use the AI facility for the consumers so that they are more satisfied and happy with the services. It is necessary for the company that they must effectively try to implement the use of AI in the working so that the overall profitability of the company can be improved.

In support of this (Cao, 2021) states that when the effective working with the AI-related strategies will be assistive to the company in managing the work in a better and more effective manner. Along with this when the various strategies relating to AI are selected then it will assist the business in improving their position in a better and more effective manner. Moreover, when the overall working is improved then it will help the company in enhancing the overall working efficiency of the business. In case the businesses in retail sector will be working well then it will be resulting in better and effective manner.

Theme 3: Impact of various strategies on the supply chain and the overall performance of the business

With the evaluation of the finding it was evaluated that the use of different artificial intelligence strategies creates different impact over the working efficiency of the company. These impacts can be either positive or negative. For the successful working of the company it is necessary that all the positive impact is created by the use of Artificial Intelligence and other related Technology over the working of the business. With the findings it was evident that when the artificial intelligence is implemented then the most positive impact created over the supply chain and the performance of the business effectively. The artificial intelligence strategies help the companies in determining the supply chain by using the real time and historical data and effectively implementing it for demand forecasting. This assists the company in evaluating the trends and patterns which have been followed since the ancient time. Thus, as a result of this positive impact is created as the company is in position to effectively decide the most appropriate Strategies for the company. Hence, it creates a positive impact over the working efficiency of the company in case the technology is being implemented appropriately.

By the examination of the above chart it is evident that there are many different benefits which the retail companies enjoys. It is necessary for the retail companies that they must implement the AI strategies as it will provide various benefits to the company. These benefits includes increase in promotional efficiency, reduction in consumer complaints, enhanced customer satisfaction and many others. When the AI is implemented in proper and effective manner then it will be affecting the overall efficiency of the company and the performance of the company will enhance.

In against of this, some of the finding stated that the major negative impact implemented by the use of artificial intelligence or the other related technology is that it is difficult to make employees understand the process of using the technology. All the technical aspects are related to the use of technology and as a result of this it is a complex to make each and every employee understand working of the technology. This creates a negative impact over the working efficiency of the company and the employees as well. Furthermore, every employee is different and it is not necessary that with the same training and development strategy the employee will understand the thing or technology correctly (Soni, et al., 2020). For instance, the company is complying with verbal training for sharing information of the latest things. Then it is not necessary that each and every employee understand with the verbal training only. Many of the employees may require the practical learning where and the technology will be operated and then will be trained to the employees. Hence, it is necessary for the companies that they must effectively select the appropriate training strategies so that they can make each and every employee understand the latest technology and there is not any resistance to change.

In support of this (Riahi, et al., 2021) stated that appropriately using the technology is very necessary. The reason underlying the fact is that when the technology will not be appropriately used then it will be creating negative impact over the working efficiency of the employees and the company as well. Hence, to make the working successful it is very necessary that all the technology implemented into the business effectively. Furthermore, it is also crucial for the business that they must appropriately implement the latest technology and make the employees understand the details of that technology. Thus, when technology is implemented effectively then automatically it will foster the working efficiency of the employees and will create positive impact over the productivity of the company. However, in against of this, when the operational efficiency of the employees will decline and the employees will not be in position to understand the technology then it will be creating negative impact over the working of the companies to a great extent.

In addition to this, there are many different types of the strategies and it creates many positive impact over the performance of the company. These positive impact results in development of the company and the performance of the company will improve.

Hence, it is mandatory for the retail sector that they effectively try to implement the latest AI Strategies and other related Technology. With the evaluation of the data it is evident that 83% of The E-Commerce and retail companies have effectively complying with the AI technologies with regards to customer services. It includes the use of chatbots, Robotics, supply chain perspective and many other different aspects relating to the AI. In addition to this, it was also evaluated that 57% of the retailers were benefitted while using the artificial intelligence within their warehouse and stock management (Mastos, et al., 2021). With this evaluation it is clear that majority of the positive impact is created by the use of artificial intelligence. Moreover, when the artificial intelligence is implemented into the business then automatically overall efficiency of the company increases. Thus, as a result of this the overall working efficiency of the business will improve when the effective technology advancements and AI is used and implemented into the business.

Chapter Five: Conclusion And Recommendations

Conclusion

In the end, it is concluded that complying with artificial intelligence is very necessary for the successful working of the company. The reason underlying the fact is that when the effective way AI related strategies are used by the company than it improves the overall working efficiency of the business. Thus, the above study concluded that the use of framing of aim and objective is helpful for successful completion of the dissertation. The reason behind the fact is that when the aim and objectives are accurately framed then it will help the business in attaining it effectively. Moreover, the literature review section highlighted that for the implementation of Artificial Intelligence it is necessary for the company to have proper knowledge relating to it. The study highlighted that effective compliance with the artificial intelligence will improve the overall performance and capability of the company to take decisions. Moreover it highlighted that both positive and negative impact is created by the use of artificial intelligence over the performance of the company. With regards to the effective use of supply chain, company is using AI to manage the working effectively.

Further the research methodology section highlighted that the use of qualitative and secondary information was helpful in evaluating the data. The reason behind the fact is that the secondary data includes to use of books, journals, articles related to the research topic and find the data according to the topic of the research. In case the data will be evaluated and collected easily from the secondary sources then the study will become successful. Along with this, the data analysis highlighted that there are different kind of artificial intelligence strategies which are used to manage performance of the business. these different strategies includes undertaking the use of demand forecasting model, virtual fitting room with regards to Fashion retailers and many other different strategies. Also the use of AI creates positive impact which includes attracting more of the customers and increasing the profitability of the business. On the other hand, it was also inferred that there are different negative impacts as well which include increasing the business cost, resistance from employees and many others.

Thus, ultimately it can be concluded that the effective use of artificial intelligence is very beneficial for the success of the company. It is particularly because of the reason that when the appropriate technology will be implemented then it will assist the business in improving the efficiency. Moreover when the appropriate strategies relating to technology will be implemented them it will help the business in overcoming all the issues and problems relating to the business or any other change affecting the business. Hence, appropriate use of artificial intelligence is very necessary for the successful working of the company. Moreover, when the artificial intelligence and the related technologies are used optimally then it automatically enhances the working capability and efficiency of the business.

Recommendations

With the evaluation it is evident that implementation of the latest technology is very necessary for the success of the business. Thus, it is necessary for the retail companies that they must effectively implement all the latest technology specifically the artificial intelligence so that the overall working can be improved. Thus, for improving the working some of the recommendations to the retail companies are as follows-

The first recommendation to all the retail companies operating in UK is that they must specifically invest in the effective research and development department. This is particularly because of the reason that the technology keeps on upgrading very fast. Hence, it is necessary for the business that they must implement all the latest technology into practice. The reason underlying the fact is that when the latest technology will be used for the business then it will be resulting in effective working and increase in profitability of the business (Babii, 2020). Thus, it is very necessary for the retail companies that they must continuously research and try to implement all the relevant technology into practice. Moreover when the latest technology will be used then automatically it will keep the employees happy and satisfied with the working condition of the company and it will increase the profitability as well. Along with this it is highly recommended to the retail companies that they must also have a good training and development strategies within the company. It is particularly necessary because the use of latest technology requires the employees to learn it. Hence, when there will be a sound training and development within the company then automatically this will motivate the employees to learn the new technologies effectively (Attaran, 2020, July). For the retail companies it is necessary that they effectively have a good training and development department and strategies so that all the new and latest technology can be implemented easily and knowledge can be shared with the employees effectively. When the trained professionals and personnel will be hired in the company then they will be effectively working in making other employees learn the new technology and ultimately it will result in an increase in the efficiency of the overall company. Resultantly, the profitability and the working efficiency of the overall company will increase which in turn will enhance the sales of the business as well. Along with this it is recommended to the retail companies that they must effectively conduct the competitor analysis. It is particularly necessary because in case the competitors are using more advanced and latest technology then it will affect the efficiency of the business to a great extent (Helo & Hao, 2022.). Hence, with help of the effective competitor analysis, the company will be in a position to compare its operations and strategies with those of the competitors. Hence, with this comparison, the company will come to know the actual position at which the company is performing. In addition to this it is recommended to the companies that they must effectively try to motivate the employees to adapt to the latest technology. The reason behind the fact is that when any new change or technology is being implemented then the employees resist too much. Hence, it is mandatory for the company they must effectively try to motivate the employees so that they can easily adapt to the new and latest technology (Bharadiya, 2023). Moreover when good motivational strategies are used then it will influence the employees to adapt to all the new changes very easily and they will understand the importance of adapting to the changes as well. Moreover, effective motivational strategies will help the employees to easily adapt to any tough changes more easily and simply.

Further research option

To improve the study in future, the opportunity to use the primary study will be implemented. This is about the fact that when the responses are gathered from the primary respondents then it will provide more effective data relating to the research topic. Also, the primary data will provide all the new information relating to the research topic. Along with this, another improvement area for the current research is to use of quantitative information relating to the research topic. The use of quantitative information will help make the study more effective as the use of quantitative information is very scientific and accurate. As compared to the qualitative study, the use of quantitative study is very beneficial as it will include the use of appropriate numeric information and facts and figures. Also, when the proper data will be used then the research objectives will be attained more precisely.

Reflection

The whole dissertation based on the influence of artificial intelligence on the business and supply chain was a very good learning experience. This was particularly because of the reasons the research topic is very latest and as a result of this the knowledge was increased to a great extent. The major learning from this study was that time management is very necessary for the successful working of the research. It is particularly necessary for the reason that the study is very lengthy and to attain the objectives well the research must be accomplished well. Thus, this assisted me in learning prioritisation skills with the help of which the whole study was planned effectively and as a result of this the objectives were accomplished well. In addition to this, another learning from the study was that coordination skills are also necessary while conducting the study. This is particularly because of the reason that all the activities of the research are interconnected. In case any of the activity is delayed then it will affect the study well. Along with this, one limitation faced was the resources which are scarce and users are many. Thus, as a result of this, the study was affected but with the help of good allocation skills, the limited resources were well distributed to every activity of the research.

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