NUR7002 Health Promotion and Health Inequalities in Nursing Assignment Sample

Introduction - NUR7002 Health Promotion and Health Inequalities in Nursing

The poster will provide comprehensive analysis of health inequalities and opportunities within Coventry [A city in the West Midlands]. The study aims to explore complex relationship exist between social disparities and health outcomes. The social key determinants impacting health status of different community group in Coventry will be identified. Further, health promotion strategies would be assessed.

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Demographics

Coventry consists of diverse population and approximately 367,000 residents’ lives in the city, it is comprised of varied ethnicities and socio-economic background. Findings have shown that significant proportion of population in the city associates with young people (Munro, 2020). It has multicultural community and around 33% of the residents are identified as non-white within including South Asian and Mixed Ethnic Groups (Coventry Local data, 2023). Coventry has been struggling in terms of employment and educational achievements and this is further impacting the health status of individuals.

Social inequalities

Health inequalities in the Coventry can be identified through different mortality and morbidity rates in different demographics. The life expectancy rate of females is 82 years while for males it is 78. This is below from the national average criteria [83 for females and 79 for males] (Coventry Local data, 2023). The standardised mortality rate has shown that people who are living in lower socio-economic areas have shorter lifespans. Furthermore, there is high prevalence of long-term health conditions such as diabetes and other cardiovascular disease among underprivileged groups. According to Coventry City Council men are more likely to get impacted due to chronic issues (Coventry Local data, 2023). Ethnic minorities have been experiencing challenges related to socio-economic status and the cases of mental health issues are found to be high (Begley, 2022). The impact of social inequalities on health status is apparent as people from lower socio-economic backgrounds struggle with compound disadvantages resulting in ineffective health outcomes. Varied factors such as unhealthy living conditions, lack of education and limited access to health care are responsible for this.

Public health issue

As per Coventry Health and Well-being Strategy 2019-2023 premature mortality proves to be higher, the foremost public health issue in the city is Obesity. It is particularly prevalent among young people and children (Department of Health and Social Care, 2023). Approximately 28% of children aged among 8-11 are overweight. Another public health issue comprised with alcohol use and sexual health of individuals. 19 % of the Coventry Neighbourhood falls under the category of most deprived areas and this is due to social inequality (Department of Health and Social Care, 2023).

Social determinants

The disparities within educational setting impacting future health prospects. Individuals who are from lower social background are not able to receive quality education. This impacts their knowledge regarding healthy behaviours and as a result, they start drinking alcohol which influence their health in negative manner. Further lack of knowledge regarding maintaining healthy lifestyle results in obesity cases. Environment is another factor that is increasing the cases related to sexually transmitted disease (Coventry et al, 2021). Hygiene is an important aspect in health management, however, people from underprivileged backgrounds do not have proper sanitation facilities due to which health issues are increasing. Individuals from lower socio-economic background are not able to experience health and social care provision. As a result, they are not able to get the treatment for disease and it becomes severe which can often lead to death of an individual.

The social determinants within Coventry are not meeting the health needs of population and especially for economically disadvantaged area. Environment quality proves as a significant barrier while lack of education and health and social care provision are contributing in poor health outcomes. The local government has been focusing on improving equality and access. Nevertheless, these challenges remain at top due to resource and finance limitations.

Health promotion strategies

The health promotion strategies in Coventry focusing on targeting complexities such as; obesity, alcohol and sexual health. The educational program has been launched and collaboration between community organisations and local health authorities developed (Coventry Health and Wellbeing Strategy, 2024). The health promotion campaign led to create huge awareness. However, transmission of this awareness in behaviour remains as a consequent challenge. The health belief model [HBM] considered as a theoretical framework which has been used for predicting whether individuals are engaged in risk reduction procedure or not by changing their behaviour (Barnes, Brain and Phillips, 2024). By adhering to this model evaluation has been done and it was assessed that individuals are still struggling which transmitting knowledge into their practices.

The community projects and local initiatives such as Coventry Well-being Services and Coventry Food Bank were undertaken for promoting health outcomes of people. Well-being services has focused on providing support to people who are struggling from physical and mental issues (Coventry Health and Wellbeing Strategy, 2024). While, Coventry Food Bank focuses on providing quality food to individuals who are not able to fulfil their daily nutritious requirement (Coventry Health and Wellbeing Strategy, 2024). The government initiative “Healthy Lives, Healthy people” emphasised on reducing social inequalities so that each individual can get equal treatment (Health and Well-being, 2023). Under this strategy, multidisciplinary teams went in backward areas, consequently free check-ups and treatment ensured to disadvantaged communities (Health and Well-being, 2023). Moreover, Coventry gets benefit from varied community assets synch as Local NGOs for navigating health disparities.

Recommendations

For enhancing health promotion efforts within Coventry, there is need to increase collaboration among health services, educational institution and community organisations. The partnership led to develop comprehensive programs which further addresses root cause of health inequalities (Coleman, Shields and Gilling, 2020). The collaboration with Multidisciplinary team supports in full-filling the health needs of people from lower-socioeconomic background. Furthermore, there is need to promote the access towards green space (Begley, 2022). It results in improving the access to recreational areas and encourages physical activities, especially in neighbourhoods’ areas.

Conclusion

Conclusively; this can be said that social inequalities creating significant impact on the health outcomes within Coventry. In order to address these inequalities, holistic approaches are needed to be considered. The social determinants of health play’s vital role in increasing extent of health inequalities. Therefore, it is important to implement collaboration with local communities so that public awareness can be developed. The collaboration with Multidisciplinary team is essential for providing support to individuals from lower socio-economic background. Encouraging people for physical activity further supports in enhancing their health outcomes.

REFERENCES

Books and Journals

• Barnes, A., Brain, K. and Phillips, F., 2024. Five ways UK European Capitals and cities of culture have connected cultural activities with nature and their impacts on health and wellbeing, wider determinants of health and inequality. Public Health in Practice, 8, p.100533.
• Begley, J., 2022. Occupational change and the new knowledge economy: The case of Coventry city. In Industrial Clusters (pp. 127-161). Routledge.
• Begley, J., 2022. Occupational change and the new knowledge economy: The case of Coventry city. In Industrial Clusters (pp. 127-161). Routledge.
• Coleman, A., Shields, J. and Gilling, T., 2020. Health and social care systems. Local Authorities and the Social Determinants of Health, pp.49-66.
• Coventry, P.A., Young, B., Balogun-Katang, A., Taylor, J., Brown, J.V., Kitchen, C., Kellar, I., Peckham, E., Bellass, S., Wright, J. and Alderson, S., 2021. Determinants of physical health self-management behaviours in adults with serious mental illness: a systematic review. Frontiers in psychiatry, 12, p.723962.
• Munro, A., 2020. Coventry-A Marmot City. Institute of Health Equity.

Online

• Coventry Health and Wellbeing Strategy, 2024. Available through: < https://www.coventry.gov.uk/data-reports/coventry-health-wellbeing-strategy-2023-/print>
• Coventry Local data, 2023. Online. Available through: < https://www.happyhealthylives.uk/staying-happy-and-healthy/improving-access-experience-and-outcomes/addressing-inequalities-in-health-and-care/local-data-and-statistics/>
• Department of Health and Social Care, 2023. Online. Available through: < https://fingertips.phe.org.uk/profile/health-profiles/area-search-results/E08000026?place_=Coventry&search_type=parent-area >
• Health and Well-being, 2023. Online. Available through: < https://www.coventry.gov.uk/facts-coventry/health-wellbeing-2 >

Author Bio

Adam Green   8 years | PhD

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