MGBBTOUWT Understanding The World Of Tourism Essay Sample

Introduction To MGBBTOUWT Understanding The World Of Tourism

The tourism phenomenon presents the exploration of an ever-changing and all-encompassing array of cultural, economic, and environmental forces. Very broadly defined, tourism includes the movement of people who are away from their usual environment to other locations for less than one year for leisure, business, and other purposes. To the World Tourism Organization, it means travelling people to places unrelated to their usual environment and staying there for reasons such as business, leisure or others. In addition, the Cambridge Dictionary defines tourism as a business of accommodation and entertainment for people on vacation, including hotels, restaurants and amusement. The focus of this essay is to tackle the idea of the tourism industry through an exploration of different definitions, underscoring the key benefits and challenges in general and the particular levels.

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Explain the development of contemporary tourism including the main steps in the history of tourism

The history of the contemporary tourism industry may be considered a timeline of centuries-long development, changing from the first human migrants for trade, pilgrimage and exploration till the present diverse global industry (Shah, 2020). This transition is possible to trace via several key steps in the history of the tourism industry.

The roots of tourism are in the very ancient times when the citizens of Greece and Rome went to their coasts, towns and cities for purposes of pleasure (Christou, 2022). Nevertheless, it was during the Middle Ages that tourism started to develop a more structured form; religious pilgrimages became an important motivator for such travels. These voyages, occasionally made on foot, used to be both pilgrimage and tourism, and pilgrims needed provision of food and accommodation as well as other services while on their routes (Christou, 2022).

The Grand Tour was the turning point of tourism which goes back to the 17th and 18 th centuries (Goldsmith, 2020). It became customary for them to travel many times in their lives mainly for cultural education and quality time. Both men and women at a young age took to travel around Europe to see places of cultural value, learn languages, and experience different art. The period in question had great influence on the development of tourism infrastructure, thoroughfare and guide services as well as paved the way for modern tourism (Goldsmith, 2020).

During the industrial revolution of the 19th century, another landmark event happened that enabled the transition and development of modern travel industry due to the technological advancements that made travel more accessible and affordable (Stearns, 2020). The steam engine and the railway networks had a tremendous effect in traveling as the time and cost of travel reduced, resulting into a wider spectrum of citizens exploring new destinations with ease (Yang et al., 2020). This period also saw formation of the organized tourism with Thomas Cook which was the first to introduce the package tour in 1841 and this milestone marked the beginning of mass tourism.

What the twentieth century saw was the growth and expansion of the tourism industry propelled by technological enhancements that involved particularly the automobiles and airplanes that now opened up remote areas for visitors (Yang et al., 2020b).

Define and explain the travel motivations

Travel motivations are the basis that underline personal decisions to go on a trip (Pawaskar, Mekoth and Thomson, 2020). These motivations are critical since they; whether they are relating to the choice of the destination or the activities pursued while traveling; will influence everything about a tourist. Travel motives cover different theories that look at the reasons behind the traveling desire, each one elucidating the psychological, social, and economic factors driving travel decisions (Villamediana-Pedrosa, Vila-López and Küster-Boluda, 2020).

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Explain Crompton's theory of Pull and Push factors of tourism with examples and statistics

John Crompton's push and pull theory developed in the 1970s points out that two main groups of tourism factors are push and pull (Marlina, Wirasmoyo and Wijayanti, 2022). Push factors are internal forces that push people to want to embark on a travel journey, they could be about escape, rest, relaxation, seeking adventure, fitness or socialization (Roy and Sharma, 2020). One can get a need to escape the monotony of everyday life or find adventure and new experiences. Whilst the ones on the other side of the spectrum are external characteristics of a destination which motivate the tourists, such as the scenic beauty, cultural attractions, recreation facilities or historical sites (Kainthola et al., 2021).

Explain Maslow's Hierarchy related to Travel Motivations with examples and statistics.

Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is a psychological theory that categorizes human needs into five levels: psychological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization (Virginia and Satria, 2022). According to this theory, need fulfilment is the catalyst behind travel motives and these can be accomplished at different levels in an individual's life. as an illustration, adventure tourism is a satisfying journey for esteem needs because it provides a feeling of achievement, whereas family and friend visiting is a way to fulfil love and belonging needs (Virginia and Satria, 2022). Travel for volunteer work or cultural immersion can also be an avenue for self-actualization because individuals strive to explore the inexperienced and search to understand the world (Mustofa, 2022).

Explain the theory of Plog's related to Travel Motivations with examples and statistics.

Stanley Plog's theory includes the categorization of travellers into personality types and their range, from allocentric (adventurous and interested in new experiences) to psychometric (preferring familiar and safe environments) (Cruz-Milán, 2022). The allocentric prefer less developed and totally new destinations and want to live in other cultures and cultures to feel themselves (Ruhet Genç, 2023). For psychometrics, in contrast, they pick the most commonly known, safest spots and activities that are structured. Another example is an allocentric tourist would select a wilderness hiking expedition in the Himalayas whereas a psychocentric could go for an upbeat tourist resort in Florida.

Conclusions

In a nutshell, the study of travel motivations and the emergence of 21st-century tourism is a dynamic and complex sector that has been influenced by shifts in history, technological innovations, and changing consumer trends. This narrative of tourism starts from the ancient pilgrimages and the Grand Tour to the mass tourism made possible by Industrial Revolution and the digital age, the history of tourism is an unfolding story of human quintessence which is the insatiable curiosity, need for communication and the search of leisure/knowledge. Theories like Crompton's push and pull factors, Maslow's hierarchy of needs, and Plog's psychographic typology provide important knowledge on what moves people to travel and how their thoughts and desires work in concert with external stimuli.

References

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