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Introduction of International Business Research Skills Assignment
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In the process of conducting an interview, an individual should be asked important questions with a proper attitude. Merely asking questions does not add up to an effective interviewing process. In this study, a discussion has been conducted with an example to demonstrate an effective interview procedure.
A) Poor Interview
Introduction of the topic by the interviewer
At the beginning of the interview, the interviewer was seemingly in a hurry to cover up the process of the interview. Although she tried to maintain a merry ambience within the hall, she did not seem dedicated to the course of the interview or the choice of the topic. As opined by Feld and Shah (2021), to begin an interview one needs to ascertain a sense of stability and a steady grasp while explaining the process to an individual. It was evident from the process of initiation of the interview that she wanted to conclude the interview as soon as possible.
Interviewer talking speed
The interviewer seemingly tried her best to make the topic understandable to the interviewee. However, her approach toward the rest of the interview seemed a bit rushed. It seemed light she wanted to gather the necessary details from an individual as spoons as possible. According to Brotherton et al. (2019), an individual needs to ask questions in a composed manner and lower the talking speed allowing the other person to understand her queries effectively and answer accordingly. An interviewer ought to maintain a slow pace while asking questions.
Interviewer’s behavior
Her behavior
She maintained a thorough jovial nature while conducting the interview and in the process of asking questions. An interviewer needs to make an interviewee feel comfortable with their ambience. The way she was asking her those questions was almost a process of guiding, her to get the desired format of answers (youtube, 2022). Although seemingly unintentional, she was trying to make the interviewee get accustomed to the questionnaire to conclude the interview to fill up the criteria of questions.
Her body language
Evidently, throughout the interview, she was quite energetic. At times it felt like she was coming on a bit too aggressive to the interviewee in the process of gathering the necessary details that she required for the interview process. An interviewer needs to be composed of her body language that might not come off as something that she wants to be done with the interviewee. There were a lot of hand gestures throughout the questionnaire and an evident restlessness was noticed in her behaviour as well.
Her approach to building rapport
Her approach to building a rapport with the interview was seemingly rushed and came off as a rushed process of conduction of the interview. The way she was using the word "great” after almost every response of the interviewee, it did not feel real. An interviewer must be empathetic at the same time be calculative of their gestures.
Her attention
In multiple cases, it was noticed that she was not attentive enough to the responses of the interview. It was noticed in her behaviour that she was being distracted. At times, it was noticed that she was accessing her mobile and was trying to see her watch while the interviewer was responding to her question. It is extremely important while interviewing that the interviewer is benign attentive towards the person in front to not make them feel uncomfortable and left out. It is essential to make an interviewer feel that their opinion is being valued.
Her respectfulness
It has been mentioned in the previous point how she was being inattentive towards the interviewer. It was noticed throughout the video that while the interviewee was responding to her questions and was trying to answer the questions that required elaborate answers she was being inattentive which is disrespectful. McGrath et al. (2019), it is important to establish a respectful relationship in a formal mode of communication and not make the person in front feel uncomfortable. The interviewer at one instance mentioned the contradiction she felt in the answer of an interviewee but the way she stated her point was not the right way.
Way of asking questions
The way she was asking the questions was assertive and did not seem to be objective. She was practically trying to lead the interviewee to get her desired answers. An interviewer must be unbiased while delivering a question and not probe an interviewer hurriedly to churn out desired answers. In one instance she even criticised the interview for being conflictive which made the interview seemingly uncomfortable.
The way the interviewer drew a conclusion
It has been mentioned above that the interviewer was seemingly in a rush through the course of the interview; it was noticed through her process questionnaire and her body language as well. According to Sekaren and Bougie (2016), concluding a statement in a rush in any form of communication ends up looking like a formality and it lacks a sense of empathy, which is a key concept while establishing a cordial relationship in a professional ambience. It seemed like she merely asked for her answer as a sense of formality.
B) Right interview
Introduction of the topic by the interviewer
The interviewer introduced the topic of the conversation to the interviewee on the church training. There is also a mention by the interviewer that she is the qualitative research feedback received who collects information on the conduction of the church training. She takes a note of the interviewee's interview about her place of origin, name, profession and finally the feedback on the qualitative turning.
Interviewer talking speed
The interviewer had a moderate speed of speaking throughout the interview. However, there were issues with her tone and speed of conversation at the end of the interview. She seemed to be in a hurry and spoke too quickly.
Interviewer’s behaviour
Her behaviour
As opined by Witt (2019), the behaviour of the interviewer seems to be polite and gentle in the initial stage of the interview conduction but as the interviewee proceeded. Further, there was a sense of pressure, and push on the interviewee to suggest or speak good about the training conducted by the organization. It seemed that the interviewer wanted to collect information about the interviewee and just wished to end the conversation and escape.
Her body language
As per the view of Hamilton and Webster (2018), it is very crucial to have proper body gestures and movements to make the interviewee more comfortable with the process of the interview. The body language of the interviewer in context to the video portrayed shows a sense of confusion, reluctantness, and casualness. It is observed while there is an interview conducted the interviewer remains fully attentive and careful about the method of the interview.
Her approach to building rapport
The gesture of the interviewer provides an appeal to building rapport with the interviewee. As a counterpart of that, she wanted to learn about the personal information of the interviewee, and her experience in the service. Along with this, the interviewer proceeded to ask about the experiences she had in the course of the training and she is also trying to build a rapport by building a base for the benefit of the training in the life of an individual. Another aspect of creating a rapport with the interviewee, the interviewer wanted to learn more about the administrative work and other demands of creating better training for the later sessions of the interview (Ratten, 2020). Thus highlighting the significance of appropriate manner for interview conduction
On a counter note to this the interviewee the interviewee stated that she would like to have a health and administrative course for assistance in the medical background of the workplace. She even opined several areas of disturbance she faced earlier. Along with this, there is also a mention of the difficulties witnessed by the pregnant women and other people in the medical team in getting medical services.
Her attention
The attention span of the interviewer remained very facultative throughout the process. In the early stage of the interview, she remained very attentive to the interviewer and wanted to gain all the good and beneficial information about her needs. As opined by Cuervo-Cazurra et al. (2020), it is crucial for making the foundation of impactful interview conduction. It is bizarre to see the interviewer just flip around like a book page where she completely just withdrew herself from the interview making the interviewee look like a fool.
Her respectfulness
In order to perform a successful conference mutual understanding and respect is vital. As stated by Hannibal and Knight (2018), respect is one such aspect of human life that has been demanded all throughout. In regards to the current scenario, the interviewer asked a question to the interviewee in a slightly disrespectful manner. As a result of which the interviewee seemed very confused and puzzled to counter the questions of the interviewer. The body language of the woman also didn't support the respectfulness through her hand gesture, and eye contact.
Way of asking questions
While asking questions to the interviewer it is essential to keep in mind to have friendly behavior so as to make the nervous interviewee feel at ease. As per the view of Nambisan et al. (2019), other aspects of asking questions to the interviewee requires a conversational skill to proceed with the further progression of the interviewee about the training. In the context of the study, the woman asked several questions to the interviewee without even noticing her interest and comfort in having a conversation on this topic.
The way the interviewer drew a conclusion
After 6.20 minutes of the interview, the person taking down the interview seemed to be in a rush. She any way wanted to end the conversation without even giving out a proper closure to the topic. However, the interviewee continued to speak or answer the questions asked by the women but there was a constant behavioral difference in the interviewer. She continued to look at her watch suggesting her is very busy and is no more interested in the conversation. This behavior of the woman also implies that she is not a woman with good moral values. As she displays to the act, the selfishness of just collecting her information on the training or its feedback.
C) Participant observation
Participant observation
If an impactful eye is focused on observing the interviewee among the two participants, then it can be noted by an overt that the fundamental base of the interview remained non-qualitative and didn't serve the purpose of a meaningful and healthy conference. As per the view of Skrynnikova, and Grigorieva (2019), it incorporates methods for obtaining quality research work.
Overt and covert participant observation
There are in total two forms of observation, the overt and the covert form of observation. In the overt form of observation, the individual is aware of the fact that the individual is being observed (youtube, 2022). In the covert form of observation the individual involved in the research is not aware of the fact that the individual is under observation.
Advantages and disadvantages of overt and covert observation
The main advantage of overt observation is that it is beneficial in establishing a healthy rapport with the participant since they are being clear of their intention from the very beginning. Covert observation ensures high validity of the information gatherer as it allows normal behaviour of the participants (youtube, 2022). The key disadvantage of overt observation is the presence of the Hawthorne effect which implies an improvisation in the behaviour of the participant since they are most likely not being natural. The key disadvantage of the covert operation is the process of gathering information is time-consuming and at times it raises issues related to ethical concerns.
Participant observation as a mode of qualitative research: examples
During the course of the interview, it is noted that the body language, behavior, body gesture, respectfulness and other factors are associated with the conduction of a proper interview. All these in amalgamation provide a concentration on the effect of qualitative research work. In the observer's opinion, it can be said that there was a good initiation taken to perform a better interview but it lagged the main body of the interview in the behavioral issue of the interviewer.
Conclusion
The study concentrates on the behavior features of the interviewer, body language, and listening skills. It is crucial to note that the person taking down the interview should be respectful to the person he is interviewing. It is understandable that the interview that is taking place is a vital part; however, it is even vital to maintaining a certain sense of decorum through the process.
References
Books
Hamilton, L. and Webster, P., 2018. The international business environment. U.K: Oxford University Press.
Sekaran, U. and Bougie, R. (2016) Research Methods for Business: A Skill-Building Approach, (seventh edition). UK:Wiley
Journals
Brotherton, K., Park, J., Um, D. and Mehrubeoglu, M., 2019, July. Identification of the relationships between a vocal attribute and a personality. In International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (pp. 163-167). Springer, Cham.
Cuervo-Cazurra, A., Andersson, U., Brannen, M.Y., Nielsen, B.B. and Reuber, A.R., 2020. From the editors: Can I trust your findings? Ruling out alternative explanations in international business research. In Research Methods in International Business (pp. 121-157). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Feld, L.D. and Shah, N.L., 2021. Connecting during the virtual interview process: lessons from experience. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 66(3), pp.917-918.
Hannibal, M. and Knight, G., 2018. Additive manufacturing and the global factory: Disruptive technologies and the location of international business. International Business Review, 27(6), pp.1116-1127.
McGrath, C., Palmgren, P.J. and Liljedahl, M., 2019. Twelve tips for conducting qualitative research interviews. Medical teacher, 41(9), pp.1002-1006.
Nambisan, S., Zahra, S.A. and Luo, Y., 2019. Global platforms and ecosystems: Implications for international business theories. Journal of International Business Studies, 50(9), pp.1464-1486.
Ratten, V., 2020. Coronavirus and international business: An entrepreneurial ecosystem perspective. Thunderbird International Business Review, 62(5), pp.629-634.
Skrynnikova, I.V. and Grigorieva, E.G., 2019, March. Enhancing foreign language communication skills in international business environment. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 483, No. 1, p. 012026). IOP Publishing.
Witt, M.A., 2019. De-globalization: Theories, predictions, and opportunities for international business research. Journal of International Business Studies, 50(7), pp.1053-1077.
Websites
Youtube, 2022. About Participant Observations. Avaialbe from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1HthraLhb5Y [Accessed on : April 20, 2022]
Youtube, 2022. About Demo qualitative interview with mistakes (Full Captions). Available from :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U4UKwd0KExc [Accessed on : April 20, 2022]
Youtube, 2022. About Methods Participant Observation. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TOJDadNhBkg [Accessed on : April, 20, 2022]
