Development, Teaching and Learning Assignment Sample

Introduction To Development, Teaching, Learning, and Assessment In Education And Training Assignment

TASK-A

a) Application of pedagogical principles

The pedagogical principles aligns with three core elements and those are- creation of learning with the help of meaningful activities, building learning partnership and using technology for forming inclusive environment in classroom. Below mentioned are the pedagogical principles needs to be applied while undertaking teaching practices in classroom-

• Scaffolding- This norm states that, complex task needs to be parted in smaller parts so that steps can be performed and feedback to learners can be provided in each step (Fletcher and Ní Chróinín, 2022).
• Instructed teaching approaches- The application of structured teaching supports in getting effective outcomes. This can be implied while making individual learning plan.
• Jean Piaget- In accordance with this, implication of problem solving approach and logical processing initiates effective learning procedure in classroom.
• Jerome Bruner- Active experience needs to be gained by students so they can achieve learning efficiency. Therefore, group discussion in classroom must be organised so active participation can be made by the students.
• Lev Vygotsky- Social interaction is essential for developing learning effectiveness and thereupon, engagement of students need to be increased by organising group activities.
• Teacher-centred- In accordance with this principle, teacher is accountable for shaping the learning efficacy of learners (Engeness, 2021).
• Authoritative- This is based on a classroom management style under which balance needs to be implied between control of teacher and student involvement in classroom.
• Learning is often a passive process- This focuses on teacher rather than student engagement, implying this in classroom lead to create major responsibilities for educators and accordingly learning plan has been made for students.

Thus, the above mentioned standards are the major pedagogical principles which need to be applied in classroom in order to create inclusive learning environment.

b) Ways in which core elements can be demonstrated in planning, delivering and assessing inclusive teaching and learning

The minimum core element involves Literacy, Language, Numeracy and ICT [Information Communication Technology]. In order to undertake teaching practice, first aspect is to demonstrate whether educator has gained specialism in these core elements or not. Accordingly, this can be implied in the practice of teaching and learning (Juraev, 2022). This component sets a standard for developing inclusive environment in the classroom. Below mentioned are the ways in which application of core elements done in own area of specialism-

Planning

While planning it is important to consider learning requirement of each individual in the classroom so that plan can be implemented accordingly. I have prepared lesson plan as per the requirement of learners, with the help of ICT element, lesson plans have been organized along with sharing notes to the students (Mukhamedov et al, 2020). Literacy and language components used within describing diagnostic assessment and then questions have been asked to students so their language efficiency could be known. In lesson plan, time for each task was pre-decided and in this manner, numeracy element has been used.

Delivering

The core sills used in delivering methods are- designing and creating poster, power point presentation, team work, quiz, statistical representation, reading and understanding. Hence, variety of the tasks have been organised while using core elements (Inclusive teaching and learning, 2023).

Assessing

Assessing involves monitoring students; each task that was given to students involves sort of evidences such as- for written task it was reading a text (Litke et al, 2021). Whereas, for language it was listening, numeracy includes calculation of percentage and ICT includes word processing and data interpretation. Thus, in these manner core elements used in assessing the practices.

c) Evaluating the effectiveness of using a creative and innovative approach

The innovative and creative approaches in teaching involves considering problem-solving abilities, engaging motivation levels, analysing need of learners and organising group discussion in classroom. There are varied numbers of students in the classroom and all of them have their own preferences, pressurising them to follow specific pattern of learning results in negative outcomes that also impacts their learning pattern in negative manner. Thus, it could be said that, it is important to undertake creative and innovative approaches as it helps in analysing the requirements of students and on the basis of this further decision could be taken (Große-Heilmann et al, 2022). Therefore, first aspect is comprised with using problem solving approach so, issues of students can be analysed. Afterwards, one by one interaction with student is made in order to develop motivation level in them, on the basis of interaction, requirements of learners analysed and accordingly plan implemented for them. This helps in creating effectual interaction with students and further develops sense of belongingness in them (Inclusive teaching and learning, 2023). Organising group discussion in classroom supports apprentices to share their experience with each other. In this manner, they become able to gain knowledge and they can further share their experiences.

d) Own practice in planning inclusive teaching and learning has taken account of theories, principles and models of learning, communication and assessment

The principle of learning and communication such as- constructivism and humanism supports learners to make their own choices and self-directed learning has been undertaken by them. This results in enhancing the teaching practices and supports inclusive environment in the classroom as each student has been given opportunities related to making choices regarding learning approach. I have followed transparency with the learners and exact feedback provided to them along with assuring equal opportunities to them (Stewart, 2021). Thus, in this manner inclusion of the principles of assessment has been done that lead to enhance the teaching practices. Shannon weaver model of communication insist in developing significant communication between teacher and learners (Stewart, 2021). Specific focus implied on this area and direct interaction with students would be developed that lead to create significant communication pattern. In this manner, inclusive teaching can be promoted. The inclusive teaching and learning practices involves development of inclusive environment in the classroom so that student can get equal opportunities and accordingly their learning style can be structured. Principles, theories and models provide set of standards through which teaching practices can be enhanced and learners in classroom gets appropriate guidance.

TASK-B

a) Analysing the theories of behaviour management

The theories of behaviour management includes-

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Theory related to observation of classroom behaviour [Jacob Kounin]

This theory states that, learning necessities should be analyse while observing, imitating and modelling. This helps in influencing mandatory factors such as- motivation, emotion and attitude. Hence, this theory is specifically based on social context through which classroom observation can be done and on the basis of the potential of learner, learning strategy is implemented (Munna and Kalam, 2021). This helps in creating motivation for student so that they can undertake their learning process in significant manner. Thus, it could be said that, this theory plays vital role in creating support for students in classroom.

Operant Conditional theory

This theory focuses on the response of an individual towards certain events; the key concept of this theory is reinforcement which combines rewards and punishment. Reward used to appreciate behaviour whereas, punishment in for unwanted behavioural pattern in classroom.

Reality and choice theory

It focuses on the concept of reality theory, under this priority must be given to the choices of students. According to this theory, student must have awareness regarding their accountabilities so they can implement decision related to learning process. Learners are being given the choices so they can select learning pattern and curriculum. In this manner, students get ownership of their learning process (Porter, 2020). Adopting this theory helps in assisting students along with creating higher self-esteem in them. With the help of this, learners become able to get appropriate direction which is essential to take in consideration for enhancing learning pattern of students.

Responsible thinking process

This is specifically designed for teaching educators about the ways in which they can teach students in classroom. It involves unique classroom discipline process that helps in assuring support to students. In accordance with this, learners have been given personal responsibilities for taking their own actions; the motive of this theory is to developing students in such way so they can achieve their learning goals without experiencing any kind of hesitation. Hence, this could be said that, it helps in developing learners on personal and professional note.

Constructive learning theory

This theory focuses on the cognitive development of students which states that, learners construct their knowledge instead of just passively taking the information. This led to cognition development of individuals and further supports in undertaking appropriate steps which are essential to take in consideration for enhancing learning efficiency (Costa et al, 2020). Within combining practical and theoretical approach learners can effectively enhance their knowledge. The interaction between experience and ideas enables learners to construct awareness in specific manner. Thus, this theory needs to be implied in classroom so; learner's efficiency can be enhanced.

Assertive discipline theory

In accordance with this theory, teachers are not allowed to threaten students in classroom. However, when any student behaves in a bad way in classroom in such situation, educators should tell them about the consequences (Munna and Kalam, 2021). Hence, rules and behaviour needs to be clearly stated and enforced within classroom so, inclusive environment can be developed and accordingly learning plan can be implemented for students.

Teacher effectiveness training theory

This is backed up within creating interaction with the students in classroom, when there is an effectual relationship established in classroom then; it results in gaining attention of learners. Furthermore, in order to resolve the issues of students, this is essential to have quality relationship with the students. It can be said that, it plays vital role in creating effective support for students so, they can easily share their doubts with teachers in classroom and get appropriate guidance.

b) Explaining the ways in which own practices creates and maintains safe, inclusive teaching and learning environment within considering theories of behaviour management

In terms of creating and maintaining safe inclusive teaching and learning environment, it is mandatory to undertake the theories of behaviour management so that learners can enhance their learning efficiency. Within using, observation of classroom behaviour theory, surveillance in classroom has been done and accordingly potential of each learner analysed. On the basis of observational result, learning strategy has been determined so that students can become able to full-fill their needs. The reality and choice theory provided opportunities to apprentices and accordingly they made choices regarding their learning style (Hattie et al, 2020). The responsible thinking process supported in delivering specifications to students as per their requirements and constructive approach led to contribute in cognitive development of students. Thus, by using these theories, safe environment in classroom has been developed along with assuring equal opportunities to learners so they do not experience any kind of hesitation. It is essential to develop relationship with students; this helps in gaining their attention and further development process can be undertaken based on the requirements of student.

TASK-D

a) Delivery of inclusive teaching and learning

Adopting inclusive teaching and learning approaches supports in considering appropriate theories and principles related to models of learning and communication. The most important factor aligns with undertaking critical analysis so effectual practices can be considered while teaching to students. The constructivist theory is appropriate in this situation as with the help of these different learning strategies could be initiated which are essential to implement effectual environment within classroom (Iqba et al, 2021). It involves analysis of case study, undertaking research work and presentation so that learner can enhance their learning efficiency while selecting best method. I believe that, in order to perform inclusive practices in classroom, it is essential to analyse the needs of students as each learner has different requirements in terms of learning and therefore, significant focus should be made in this area. There are different creative approaches through which theories and models assist in developing higher level of engagement in classroom. I have become able to understand the issues of learners which act as a barrier in their learning process. Thus, I can say that, own inclusive teaching and learning practices made me enable to understand the need of learners and on the basis of this, suitable theories, principles and models has been taken in consideration. As a result, effective engagement has been developed in classroom due to which learners were able to share their doubts and they have often provided feedback and accordingly teaching approaches are being shaped. Furthermore, equal opportunity to each student has been provided and inclusive environment developed in the classroom.

b) Ways in which own assessment practice taken in account for implementing theories, models and principles of assessment

Assessment practice comprised with the process of gathering and discussing information gathered from multiple sources. This is specifically done for gaining knowledge related to the ways that helps in creating better understanding for students while studying in classroom. I got to know that learning is determined as an effective sequential and hierarchical process, there are many learners who are not able to enhance their learning effectiveness and this is mainly due to lack of assessment principle implication in the classroom and therefore, significant focus needs to be specified in this area. I have used assessment principles such as- reliability, validity, authenticity, transparency, sufficiency and fairness so that I can become able to know about the potential of each student in classroom and accordingly I can take actions (Qureshi et al, 2023).

Fairness is the core element that assists in developing inclusive environment in the classroom. The model of assessment given by black and Williams states that, teacher is accountable for implementing effective learning strategies in classroom and this can be done while using formative assessment techniques. I have ensured focus towards cognitive and motor skills of learners while undertaking fair practices so that I can become able to implement inclusive learning in classroom. I often used different types of assessment such as- formative and summative in order to strengthen the learning process in classroom. Thus, in this manner, effectual environment developed in the classroom that initiates effective support for student. This further helped in developing effective feedback mechanism in the class through which I have become able to provide feedback to learners and accordingly improvements have been made.

c) Efficiency of own practice in relation to planning, delivering and inclusive teaching

In order to undertake reflection I will be using Kolb's reflective model which comprised with four stages and those are- concrete learning, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation. The first stage highlights experience, in my practice, I used varied type of session in classroom that involves, literacy, numeracy, open communication and group discussion so that I can meet each learner's requirement. While observing this experience I got to know that, learners in classroom were showing engagement while organizing task as per their needs. Moving towards next stage that is Abstract Conceptualization, I have used appropriate models and theories as per the requirement of students in classroom. Active experimentation stage states that, learner should adopt that learning style which is based on practical approach rather than built on situation (Filgona et al, 2020). Hence, similarly, in my practice I have focused on this and as per the potential and preferred learning style of students further decision has been taken. For instance- I believe that, it is important to undertake group activities in classroom as this helps in undertaking specific practices that are essential to take in consideration for enhancing learners efficiency. In classroom, a student come up with different recommendations and provides specific knowledge regarding their needs and therefore, I will implement specific focus on this area. Thus, I will focus on organising more group activities in classroom so inclusive environment can be developed and engagement level of learners can be enhanced.

d) Ways to improve own practice in planning, delivering and assessing individual teaching and learning practices

There are wide number of students in classroom and all of them are comprised with different learning needs. I am not able to analyse their requirements in significant manner and due to this many times I do not get preferred outcomes. Each student has its own potential when it comes to learning. Therefore, I need to foster the comprehension along with specifying focus on those students who are not able to undertake learning procedure. I will make different lesson plan that would be based on the need of learners and further this enable me to take specific action that are important to enhance own teaching and learning practices in the classroom. It is essential to find right techniques and courses as it helps in achieving progress (Toh and Kirschner, 2020). Thereupon, I will make plans as per the need of each student and accordingly actions have been taken in class so that students who face difficulties while learning can enhance their efficiency. Along with this feedback mechanism will be implied in classroom that supports in gaining knowledge related to the requirements of students and accordingly steps would be undertaken. The learning pattern needs to be made student-oriented so that their needs can be evaluated. Thereby, I will assure significant focus on this area.

References

Books and Journals

• Costa, R.D., Souza, G.F., Valentim, R.A. and Castro, T.B., 2020. The theory of learning styles applied to distance learning. Cognitive Systems Research. 64. pp.134-145
• Engeness, I., 2021. Developing teachers' digital identity: towards the pedagogic design principles of digital environments to enhance students' learning in the 21st century. European Journal of Teacher Education. 44(1).pp.96-114.
• Filgona, J., Sakiyo, J., Gwany, D.M. and Okoronka, A.U., 2020. Motivation in learning. Asian Journal of Education and social studies. 10(4). pp.16-37.
• Fletcher, T. and Ní Chróinín, D., 2022. Pedagogical principles that support the prioritisation of meaningful experiences in physical education: conceptual and practical considerations. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy. 27(5). pp.455-466.
• Große-Heilmann, R., Riese, J., Burde, J.P., Schubatzky, T. and Weiler, D., 2022. Fostering pre-service physics teachers' pedagogical content knowledge regarding digital media. Education Sciences. 12(7). p.440.
• Hattie, J., Hodis, F.A. and Kang, S.H., 2020. Theories of motivation: Integration and ways forward. Contemporary Educational Psychology. 61. p.101865.
• Iqbal, M.H., Siddiqie, S.A. and Mazid, M.A., 2021. Rethinking theories of lesson plan for effective teaching and learning. Social Sciences & Humanities Open. 4(1). p.100172.
• Juraev, M.M., 2022. Theoretical and practical principles of improving the content of the pedagogical activity of ICT teachers of professional educational institutions in the conditions of information of education.
• Litke, E., Boston, M. and Walkowiak, T.A., 2021. Affordances and constraints of mathematics-specific observation frameworks and general elements of teaching quality. Studies In Educational Evaluation. 68. p.100956.
• Mukhamedov, G., Khodjamkulov, U., Shofkorov, A. and Makhmudov, K., 2020. Pedagogical education cluster: content and form. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science. 1(81). pp.250-257.
• Munna, A.S. and Kalam, M.A., 2021. Teaching and learning process to enhance teaching effectiveness: a literature review. International Journal of Humanities and Innovation (IJHI). 4(1). pp.1-4.
• Porter, L., 2020. Student behaviour: Theory and practice for teachers. Routledge.
• Qureshi, M.A., Khaskheli, A., Qureshi, J.A., Raza, S.A. and Yousufi, S.Q., 2023. Factors affecting students' learning performance through collaborative learning and engagement. Interactive Learning Environments.31(4). pp.2371-2391.
• Stewart, M., 2021. Understanding learning:: Theories and critique. In University teaching in focus (pp. 3-28). Routledg
• Toh, W. and Kirschner, D., 2020. Self-directed learning in video games, affordances and pedagogical implications for teaching and learning. Computers & Education. 154.p.103912.

Online

• Inclusive teaching and learning, 2023. Online. Available through: < https://www.imperial.ac.uk/staff/educational-development/teaching-toolkit/inclusive-learning-and-teaching/what-is-inclusive-learning-and-teaching-and-why-is-it-important/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CInclusive%20learning%20and%20teaching%20recognises,of%20learning%20needs%20and%20preferences.%E2%80%9D >